Idaho: government, population and official figures

Idaho is a state of the United States, number 37 of 51 by population. Idaho had an estimated 2,029,733 residents on 1 July 2025, 0.6% of the population of the 50 states and DC; 15th smallest of 51. In the year to 1 July 2025 the population grew by 1.44%, 2nd fastest-growing of 51.

Who runs Idaho?

The governor is Brad Little. Governor's office. Phone: 1-208-334-2100. Address: State Capitol PO Box 83720 Boise , ID 83720.

In depth

• Economy, jobs and prices in Idaho: The economy of Idaho (gross domestic product) was worth $137.4 billion in 2025 at current prices, 0.4% of the US total of $30.86 trillion; 13th smallest of 51. In current dollars it was up 5.9% on 2024.
• Health in Idaho: Life expectancy at birth in Idaho was 78.4 years in 2022, 12th longest among the 50 states and DC (U.S.: 77.5 years), according to NCHS state life tables.
• Education in Idaho: 79.9% of public high school students in Idaho graduated within four years of starting ninth grade in the 2021-22 school year (the adjusted cohort graduation rate); 4th lowest among the 49 states (including DC) with data (U.S.: 86.6%).
• Poverty and living standards in Idaho: The Census Bureau estimates that 10.4% of people in Idaho lived below the federal poverty line in 2024, about 203,557 people; joint 17th lowest among the 50 states and DC (U.S.: 12.1%).
• Government budget and revenue in Idaho: Idaho's state government took in $15.9 billion in fiscal year 2024, $7,958 per resident, 10th lowest of 50 states per person (all states: $9,318 per person). The total includes taxes, federal funds, charges and pension-fund investment income.

Official bodies in Idaho

• Idaho
• Department of Agriculture
• Children & Family Services
• Consumer Protection Division
• Department of Correction
• The United States Attorney's Office - District of Idaho
• Department of Education
• Election and voting information
• Office of Emergency Management
• Department of Health and Welfare
• Motor Vehicles
• Office of the Attorney General

Largest cities in Idaho

1. Boise City 238,429 (2025)
2. Meridian 142,988 (2025)
3. Nampa 120,384 (2025)
4. Caldwell 76,629 (2025)
5. Idaho Falls 71,785 (2025)
6. Pocatello 58,771 (2025)
7. Coeur d'Alene 58,179 (2025)
8. Twin Falls 56,216 (2025)

How states are governed in the United States

States (50). Governor and state legislature directly elected. Hold all powers not given to the federal government (10th Amendment); create and control local governments.

Every tier of government in the United States

Other states of the United States

• California 39,355,309
• Texas 31,709,821
• Florida 23,462,518
• New York 20,002,427
• Pennsylvania 13,059,432
• Illinois 12,719,141
• Ohio 11,900,510
• Georgia 11,302,748
• North Carolina 11,197,968
• Michigan 10,127,884
• New Jersey 9,548,215
• Virginia 8,880,107
• Washington 8,001,020
• Arizona 7,623,818
• Tennessee 7,315,076
• Massachusetts 7,154,084
• Indiana 6,973,333
• Missouri 6,270,541
• Maryland 6,265,347
• Colorado 6,012,561
• Wisconsin 5,972,787
• Minnesota 5,830,405
• South Carolina 5,570,274
• Alabama 5,193,088
• Louisiana 4,618,189
• Kentucky 4,606,864
• Oregon 4,273,586
• Oklahoma 4,123,288
• Connecticut 3,688,496
• Utah 3,538,904
• Nevada 3,282,188
• Iowa 3,238,387
• Arkansas 3,114,791
• Kansas 2,977,220
• Mississippi 2,954,160
• New Mexico 2,125,498
• Nebraska 2,018,006
• West Virginia 1,766,147
• Hawaii 1,432,820
• New Hampshire 1,415,342
• Maine 1,414,874
• Montana 1,144,694
• Rhode Island 1,114,521
• Delaware 1,059,952
• South Dakota 935,094
• North Dakota 799,358
• Alaska 737,270
• District of Columbia 693,645
• Vermont 644,663
• Wyoming 588,753

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Sources

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