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Economy, jobs and prices in Berlin, Germany: official figures

Berlin's unemployment rate was 9.1% in 2023, 6th highest of 22 large German cities and 23rd highest of 400 districts nationwide. In 2019 it was 7.8%.

Unemployment rate (% of civilian labour force)
9.1%
2023
Unemployment rate, under 25 (%)
8.7%
2023
Long-term unemployed (% of unemployed)
30.7%
2023
Median monthly gross wage, full-time employees (€)
€3,982
2023
Women's median full-time wage as % of men's
97.2%
2023
Purchasing power per resident (€ a year)
€27,823
2023
Residents in insured jobs (% of working-age population)
61.2%
2023
Mini-jobs (% of private-sector jobs)
11.8%
2023

How high is youth unemployment in Berlin?

Berlin's unemployment rate among under-25s was 8.7% in 2023, 5th highest of 22 large German cities and 30th highest of 400 districts nationwide. In 2019 it was 8.0%.

Source: Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung (BBSR) im Bundesamt für Bauwesen und Raumordnung · saved copy

How many long-term unemployed are there in Berlin?

Berlin's share of jobless people unemployed for a year or longer was 30.7% in 2023, 6th lowest of 22 large German cities and 181st lowest of 400 districts nationwide. In 2019 it was 25.0%.

Source: Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung (BBSR) im Bundesamt für Bauwesen und Raumordnung · saved copy

What is the average salary in Berlin?

Among 22 large German cities, Berlin had the 7th lowest median monthly gross wage of full-time employees in 2023, at €3,982 (median of all 400 districts: €3,604). In 2019 it was €3,383.

Source: Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung (BBSR) im Bundesamt für Bauwesen und Raumordnung · saved copy

What is the gender pay gap in Berlin?

Berlin's median full-time wage of women as a share of men's was 97.2% in 2023, 2nd highest of 22 large German cities and 53rd highest of 400 districts nationwide. In 2019 it was 96.8%.

Source: Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung (BBSR) im Bundesamt für Bauwesen und Raumordnung · saved copy

What is the purchasing power in Berlin?

Berlin's purchasing power per resident was €27,823 in 2023, 4th lowest of 22 large German cities and 87th lowest of 400 districts nationwide. In 2019 it was €22,015.

Source: Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung (BBSR) im Bundesamt für Bauwesen und Raumordnung · saved copy

What share of people work in Berlin?

Among 22 large German cities, Berlin had the 10th lowest share of working-age residents in jobs paying social insurance in 2023, at 61.2% (median of all 400 districts: 66.1%). In 2019 it was 56.5%.

Source: Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung (BBSR) im Bundesamt für Bauwesen und Raumordnung · saved copy

How many mini-jobs are there in Berlin?

Among 22 large German cities, Berlin had the lowest share of private-sector jobs that are low-paid 'mini-jobs' in 2023, at 11.8% (median of all 400 districts: 19.7%). In 2019 it was 12.5%.

Source: Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung (BBSR) im Bundesamt für Bauwesen und Raumordnung · saved copy

How many people commute to Berlin?

Among 22 large German cities, Berlin had the 5th lowest commuter balance (net commuters per 100 jobs) in 2023, at +10.7 (median of all 400 districts: -11.7). In 2019 it was +9.6.

Source: Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung (BBSR) im Bundesamt für Bauwesen und Raumordnung · saved copy

How many businesses go bankrupt in Berlin?

Among 22 large German cities, Berlin had the 2nd highest number of company insolvency applications per 1,000 businesses in 2023, at 8.5 (median of all 400 districts: 3.9). In 2019 it was 7.0.

Source: Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung (BBSR) im Bundesamt für Bauwesen und Raumordnung · saved copy

What is the unemployment rate in Berlin?

The unemployment rate in Berlin was 6.9% in 2024 (6.7% for women, 7.1% for men).

Source: Eurostat · saved copy

What are the main jobs in Berlin?

2,081,000 jobs were based in Berlin in 2024; the biggest employers were public administration, education and health (25% of jobs) and trade, transport, hotels and restaurants (19%).

Source: Eurostat · saved copy

How many people commute to Berlin?

321,219 people commuted into Berlin for work in 2018 and 185,723 commuted out.

Source: Eurostat · saved copy

How many tourists visit Berlin?

Tourist accommodation in Berlin recorded 12,278,460 nights in 2020, 30% by visitors from abroad.

Source: Eurostat · saved copy

How do people get to work in Berlin?

In 2016, 42% of journeys to work in Berlin were by public transport, 38% by car, 13% by bicycle and 6% on foot.

Source: Eurostat · saved copy

How many cars are there in Berlin?

There were 283 registered cars per 1,000 residents in 2023.

Source: Eurostat · saved copy

More figures

How Berlin compares with other cities in Germany

Unemployment rate (% of civilian labour force) – large cities (2023)

Berlin ranks 6 of 22, highest first. INKAR indicator: Anteil der Arbeitslosen an den zivilen Erwerbspersonen in %; kreisfreie Städte with city pages

RankCityUnemployment rate (% of civilian labour force) – large cities
3Essen10.6%
4Bremen10.0%
5Wuppertal9.5%
6Berlin9.1%
7Köln8.7%
8Bochum8.6%
9Bielefeld8.2%
Source: Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung (BBSR) im Bundesamt für Bauwesen und Raumordnung · saved copy

Median monthly gross wage, full-time employees (€) – large cities (2023)

Berlin ranks 16 of 22, highest first. INKAR indicator: Medianeinkommen der sozialversicherungspflichtig Vollzeitbeschäftigten in Euro; kreisfreie Städte with city pages

RankCityMedian monthly gross wage, full-time employees (€) – large cities
13Bremen€4,031
14Münster€4,007
15Duisburg€3,982
16Berlin€3,982
17Bielefeld€3,885
18Dortmund€3,858
19Wuppertal€3,851
Source: Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung (BBSR) im Bundesamt für Bauwesen und Raumordnung · saved copy

Purchasing power per resident (€ a year) – large cities (2023)

Berlin ranks 19 of 22, highest first. INKAR indicator: Kaufkraft je Einwohner in Euro; kreisfreie Städte with city pages

RankCityPurchasing power per resident (€ a year) – large cities
16Leipzig€28,503
17Bremen€28,361
18Dortmund€28,131
19Berlin€27,823
20Mannheim€27,660
21Dresden€27,262
22Duisburg€26,129
Source: Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung (BBSR) im Bundesamt für Bauwesen und Raumordnung · saved copy

Residents in insured jobs (% of working-age population) – large cities (2023)

Berlin ranks 13 of 22, highest first. INKAR indicator: SV Beschäftigte am Wohnort je 100 Einwohner im erwerbsfähigen Alter in %; kreisfreie Städte with city pages

RankCityResidents in insured jobs (% of working-age population) – large cities
10Köln63.1%
11Mannheim62.8%
12Bielefeld62.2%
13Berlin61.2%
14Münster60.4%
15Bochum60.2%
16Karlsruhe60.1%
Source: Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung (BBSR) im Bundesamt für Bauwesen und Raumordnung · saved copy

Journeys to work by public transport (2016)

Berlin ranks 2 of 77, highest first.

RankCityJourneys to work by public transport
1München44.0%
2Berlin42.4%
3Hamburg40.4%
4Frankfurt am Main39.2%
5Stuttgart37.7%
6Offenbach am Main33.8%
7Hannover31.9%
Source: Eurostat · saved copy

Cars per 1,000 residents (2023)

Berlin ranks 77 of 77, highest first.

RankCityCars per 1,000 residents
71Hamburg341
72Hannover335
73Leipzig332
74Freiburg im Breisgau331
75Frankfurt am Main318
76Heidelberg308
77Berlin283
Source: Eurostat · saved copy

Tourist nights (2020)

Berlin ranks 1 of 77, highest first.

RankCityTourist nights
1Berlin12,278,460
2München7,034,040
3Hamburg6,796,976
4Frankfurt am Main4,085,447
5Dresden2,612,918
6Köln2,557,212
7Leipzig1,959,147
Source: Eurostat · saved copy

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Sources

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