Government budget and revenue in North Dakota, United States: official figures
North Dakota's state government took in $11.7 billion in fiscal year 2024, $14,689 per resident, 2nd highest of 50 states per person (all states: $9,318 per person). The total includes taxes, federal funds, charges and pension-fund investment income.
How much does the North Dakota state government spend?
The North Dakota state government spent $9.6 billion in fiscal year 2024, or $12,154 per resident, 9th highest of 50 states (all states: $9,444). Spending was 24.6% higher than in fiscal year 2019 ($7.7 billion), before adjusting for inflation.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau · saved copyHow much debt does the North Dakota state government have?
North Dakota state government debt outstanding was $4.9 billion at the end of fiscal year 2024, $6,163 per resident, 7th highest of 50 states (all states: $3,248). That equals 42% of one year's general revenue; in fiscal year 2019 the debt was $2.7 billion.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau · saved copyHow much federal funding does North Dakota get?
The federal government provided $2.8 billion to the North Dakota state government in fiscal year 2024, $3,504 per resident and 23.9% of its general revenue, the lowest share of 50 states (all states: 34.2%).
Source: U.S. Census Bureau · saved copyWhat are federal funds to North Dakota spent on?
Public welfare programmes, mainly Medicaid, accounted for $1.1 billion or 39% of North Dakota's federal funds in fiscal year 2024, and education for $591.0 million (21%).
Source: U.S. Census Bureau · saved copyWhat does the North Dakota state government spend its money on?
Direct state spending on public welfare was $2,638 per resident in fiscal year 2024, 21st lowest of 50 states (all states: $3,000); higher education took $1,640 per resident and highways $1,234.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau · saved copyHow much does North Dakota give to local governments and schools?
28.2% of North Dakota's state general spending in fiscal year 2024 ($2.7 billion) was paid to other governments, mostly local governments and school districts, 12th highest share of 50 states (all states: 27.7%).
Source: U.S. Census Bureau · saved copyHow much tax does North Dakota collect?
North Dakota collected $5.5 billion in state taxes in fiscal year 2025, $6,902 per resident, 5th highest of 50 states (all states: $4,503). That was 5.7% less than in fiscal year 2024 ($5.8 billion); across all states collections rose 4.3%.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau · saved copyWhat taxes does North Dakota rely on?
The individual income tax raised $425.4 million (7.7% of state taxes, 10th lowest share of 50 states) in fiscal year 2025. The general sales tax raised $1.4 billion (25.0%, 15th lowest share of 50 states). The largest single tax was the severance tax (47.2%), followed by the general sales and gross receipts tax (25.0%).
Source: U.S. Census Bureau · saved copyDoes North Dakota have corporate, property or severance taxes?
In fiscal year 2025, in North Dakota, corporate net income tax raised $336.2 million (6.1% of state taxes); state property tax raised $6.0 million; severance tax on oil, gas, coal and minerals raised $2.6 billion (47.2% of state taxes).
Source: U.S. Census Bureau · saved copyHow much money does the North Dakota state government hold in reserves?
The North Dakota state government held $10.5 billion in cash and securities at the end of fiscal year 2024, $13,290 per resident, of which $9.9 billion was in insurance trust funds such as public employee pension systems.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau · saved copyHow North Dakota compares with other states
State government revenue per person (2024)
North Dakota ranks 2 of 50, highest first. All revenue of the state government, including insurance trust income, divided by 1 July population
| Rank | Region | State government revenue per person |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | New Mexico | $18,896 |
| 2 | North Dakota | $14,689 |
| 3 | Alaska | $14,299 |
| 4 | Hawaii | $14,000 |
| 5 | Vermont | $13,987 |
| 6 | Wyoming | $13,416 |
| 7 | New York | $13,131 |
State government spending per person (2024)
North Dakota ranks 9 of 50, highest first. Total expenditure of the state government divided by 1 July population
| Rank | Region | State government spending per person |
|---|---|---|
| 6 | Delaware | $13,137 |
| 7 | Hawaii | $12,865 |
| 8 | Oregon | $12,574 |
| 9 | North Dakota | $12,154 |
| 10 | Massachusetts | $12,056 |
| 11 | Wyoming | $11,158 |
| 12 | Rhode Island | $11,099 |
State government debt per person (2024)
North Dakota ranks 7 of 50, highest first. Debt outstanding at the end of the fiscal year divided by 1 July population
| Rank | Region | State government debt per person |
|---|---|---|
| 4 | West Virginia | $8,533 |
| 5 | Hawaii | $8,166 |
| 6 | Alaska | $7,768 |
| 7 | North Dakota | $6,163 |
| 8 | New York | $6,029 |
| 9 | New Jersey | $6,020 |
| 10 | New Hampshire | $5,379 |
Federal funds received by the state government per person (2024)
North Dakota ranks 17 of 50, highest first. Intergovernmental revenue from the federal government
| Rank | Region | Federal funds received by the state government per person |
|---|---|---|
| 14 | Arizona | $3,646 |
| 15 | Maine | $3,627 |
| 16 | Arkansas | $3,555 |
| 17 | North Dakota | $3,504 |
| 18 | Oklahoma | $3,477 |
| 19 | Massachusetts | $3,415 |
| 20 | Pennsylvania | $3,410 |
Federal funds as a share of state general revenue (2024)
North Dakota ranks 50 of 50, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Federal funds as a share of state general revenue |
|---|---|---|
| 44 | Idaho | 28.8% |
| 45 | California | 28.0% |
| 46 | Utah | 26.7% |
| 47 | Virginia | 26.7% |
| 48 | Kansas | 24.9% |
| 49 | Hawaii | 24.0% |
| 50 | North Dakota | 23.9% |
State tax collections per person (2025)
North Dakota ranks 5 of 50, highest first.
| Rank | Region | State tax collections per person |
|---|---|---|
| 2 | Hawaii | $7,703 |
| 3 | New Mexico | $7,028 |
| 4 | California | $6,989 |
| 5 | North Dakota | $6,902 |
| 6 | Connecticut | $6,711 |
| 7 | New York | $6,563 |
| 8 | Delaware | $6,557 |
Individual income tax as a share of state taxes (2025)
North Dakota ranks 41 of 50, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Individual income tax as a share of state taxes |
|---|---|---|
| 38 | Mississippi | 21.7% |
| 39 | Arizona | 20.6% |
| 40 | New Mexico | 16.9% |
| 41 | North Dakota | 7.7% |
| 42 | New Hampshire | 2.7% |
| 43 | Washington | 1.4% |
| 44 | Tennessee | 0.0% |
General sales tax as a share of state taxes (2025)
North Dakota ranks 36 of 50, highest first.
| Rank | Region | General sales tax as a share of state taxes |
|---|---|---|
| 33 | West Virginia | 27.1% |
| 34 | Oklahoma | 26.9% |
| 35 | Connecticut | 25.3% |
| 36 | North Dakota | 25.0% |
| 37 | Minnesota | 23.4% |
| 38 | Colorado | 23.2% |
| 39 | Illinois | 22.9% |
State spending on public welfare per person (2024)
North Dakota ranks 30 of 50, highest first. Direct general expenditure on public welfare, mainly Medicaid
| Rank | Region | State spending on public welfare per person |
|---|---|---|
| 27 | Mississippi | $2,742 |
| 28 | Wisconsin | $2,730 |
| 29 | Virginia | $2,685 |
| 30 | North Dakota | $2,638 |
| 31 | Montana | $2,551 |
| 32 | Missouri | $2,510 |
| 33 | Nebraska | $2,478 |
More on North Dakota: overview · economy and jobs · health · education and schools · poverty and living standards · the United States
Sources
- U.S. Census Bureau: Annual Survey of State Government Finances: State Government Finances, U.S. and States, 2012-2024 (table GS00STATEFIN01, amounts in thousands of dollars), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 72ff59b48414…)
- U.S. Census Bureau: Annual Survey of State Government Tax Collections: historical database, fiscal years to 2025 (thousands of dollars), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 bdf560cd3d8f…)
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