Economy, jobs and prices in Baja California, Mexico: official figures
The gross domestic product of Baja California was 1.29 trillion pesos in 2024 at current prices, according to INEGI, 3.9% of Mexico's 33.58 trillion pesos and 7th largest of 32 federal entities. In current pesos it was up 3.6% on 2023.
How fast is the economy of Baja California growing?
After removing price changes, the economy of Baja California grew 0.3% in 2024, against 1.5% for Mexico as a whole; 10th slowest growth of 32.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI) · saved copyHas the economy of Baja California grown since 2018?
In real terms GDP in Baja California was 8.2% higher in 2024 than in 2018 (Mexico 5.0% higher), 7th largest growth of 32. Since 2003 it has grown 39.2% in real terms (Mexico 41.9%), and its share of national GDP has moved from 4.13% to 3.85%.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI) · saved copyWhat is the GDP per capita of Baja California?
Dividing 2024 GDP by CONAPO's mid-2024 population gives 317,907 pesos per person in Baja California, 1.25 times the national figure of 253,888 pesos; 7th highest of 32.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI) · saved copyWhat are the main industries in Baja California?
In 2024 tertiary activities (trade and services) made up 50.4% of gross value added in Baja California, secondary activities (industry, mining, construction and utilities) 46.9% and primary activities (farming, livestock, forestry and fishing) 2.7% (8th lowest farm share of 32; Mexico 4.1%).
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI) · saved copyHow important is manufacturing in Baja California?
Manufacturing produced 37.8% of gross value added in Baja California in 2024 (3rd highest of 32; Mexico 21.5%), and mining 0.21%. Hotels and restaurants accounted for 2.8% (11th highest of 32).
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI) · saved copyWhat is the unemployment rate in Baja California?
The unemployment rate in Baja California was 2.9% in April to June 2026, according to INEGI's ENOE labour force survey, against 2.7% for Mexico; 11th highest of 32.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI) · saved copyWhat was the unemployment rate in Baja California in 2025?
A year earlier, in April to June 2025, the ENOE put unemployment in Baja California at 2.3% (Mexico 2.7%; 13th lowest of 32), with 1,749,184 people in work and labour force participation of 59.4%.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI) · saved copyHow many people work in Baja California?
About 1,798,778 people in Baja California were working in April to June 2026 and 53,772 were unemployed. 59.4% of residents aged 15 and over were in the labour force (12th lowest of 32; Mexico 59.1%).
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI) · saved copyHow many workers in Baja California are informal?
36.2% of employed people in Baja California worked informally in April to June 2026 (without social security through their job or in unregistered businesses), against 55.1% nationally; 4th lowest of 32. A year earlier the rate was 38.4%.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI) · saved copyIs informal work in Baja California falling?
Labour informality in Baja California was 36.2% in April to June 2026, down 2.2 percentage points on the same quarter of 2019 (38.4%) and down 5.3 percentage points on 2005 (41.5%), when INEGI's quarterly series begins.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI) · saved copyWhat jobs do people do in Baja California?
In April to June 2026, 39.6% of workers in Baja California had no access to health services through their work, 72.6% were salaried employees, and 22.3% worked in manufacturing; 5.2% worked in farming, livestock, forestry or fishing.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI) · saved copyWhat is the average wage in Baja California?
Employed people in Baja California earned an average of 84.63 pesos per hour worked in April to June 2026 (Mexico 70.26 pesos; 7th highest of 32), and worked an average of 43.0 hours a week (Mexico 41.5).
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI) · saved copyWhat is the average household income in Baja California?
Average current income per household in Baja California was 101,187 pesos a quarter in 2024 (about 33,729 pesos a month), against 77,864 pesos for Mexico, according to INEGI's ENIGH household survey; 4th highest of 32.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI) · saved copyIs household income rising in Baja California?
At constant 2024 prices, average household income in Baja California was up 3.0% on 2022 and up 16.8% on 2016 (Mexico up 10.8% since 2016).
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI) · saved copyWhat is the income per person in Baja California?
Income per person in Baja California averaged 31,880 pesos a quarter in 2024 (Mexico 23,217 pesos; 4th highest of 32). The richest tenth of people had 9.2 times the average income of the poorest tenth.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI) · saved copyHow unequal is income in Baja California?
The Gini coefficient of income per person in Baja California was 0.347 in 2024 (Mexico 0.417), 2nd least unequal of 32; in 2016 it was 0.419.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI) · saved copyHow much do households in Baja California spend?
The 1,191,736 households of Baja California spent an average of 72,330 pesos a quarter on current consumption in 2024 (Mexico 61,309 pesos); 35.2% of their cash spending went on food, drink and tobacco (Mexico 37.7%).
Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI) · saved copyHow Baja California compares with other states
GDP at current prices, 2024 (2024)
Baja California ranks 7 of 32, highest first.
| Rank | Region | GDP at current prices, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| 4 | Jalisco | 2.53 trillion pesos |
| 5 | Guanajuato | 1.52 trillion pesos |
| 6 | Veracruz | 1.45 trillion pesos |
| 7 | Baja California | 1.29 trillion pesos |
| 8 | Chihuahua | 1.29 trillion pesos |
| 9 | Coahuila | 1.24 trillion pesos |
| 10 | Puebla | 1.19 trillion pesos |
GDP per person, 2024 (GDP / CONAPO mid-2024 population) (2024)
Baja California ranks 7 of 32, highest first.
| Rank | Region | GDP per person, 2024 (GDP / CONAPO mid-2024 population) |
|---|---|---|
| 4 | Coahuila | 368,586 pesos |
| 5 | Sonora | 355,689 pesos |
| 6 | Chihuahua | 321,837 pesos |
| 7 | Baja California | 317,907 pesos |
| 8 | Queretaro | 308,319 pesos |
| 9 | Jalisco | 287,302 pesos |
| 10 | Baja California Sur | 285,276 pesos |
Real GDP growth, 2024 (2024)
Baja California ranks 23 of 32, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Real GDP growth, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| 20 | San Luis Potosi | 0.9% |
| 21 | Jalisco | 0.8% |
| 22 | Morelos | 0.7% |
| 23 | Baja California | 0.3% |
| 24 | Sonora | -0.3% |
| 25 | Sinaloa | -0.3% |
| 26 | Coahuila | -0.5% |
Real GDP growth, 2018-2024 (cumulative) (2018-2024)
Baja California ranks 7 of 32, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Real GDP growth, 2018-2024 (cumulative) |
|---|---|---|
| 4 | Chiapas | 9.8% |
| 5 | Chihuahua | 9.3% |
| 6 | Hidalgo | 8.5% |
| 7 | Baja California | 8.2% |
| 8 | Nuevo Leon | 7.9% |
| 9 | Michoacan | 7.8% |
| 10 | Veracruz | 6.7% |
Manufacturing share of gross value added, 2024 (2024)
Baja California ranks 3 of 32, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Manufacturing share of gross value added, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Coahuila | 45.7% |
| 2 | San Luis Potosi | 38.3% |
| 3 | Baja California | 37.8% |
| 4 | Aguascalientes | 35.8% |
| 5 | Chihuahua | 35.1% |
| 6 | Nuevo Leon | 33.9% |
| 7 | Queretaro | 33.9% |
Unemployment rate, Q2 2026 (Q2 2026)
Baja California ranks 11 of 32, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Unemployment rate, Q2 2026 |
|---|---|---|
| 8 | State of Mexico | 3.1% |
| 9 | Sinaloa | 3.1% |
| 10 | Durango | 2.9% |
| 11 | Baja California | 2.9% |
| 12 | Sonora | 2.8% |
| 13 | Campeche | 2.7% |
| 14 | Chihuahua | 2.7% |
Labour force participation rate (age 15+), Q2 2026 (Q2 2026)
Baja California ranks 21 of 32, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Labour force participation rate (age 15+), Q2 2026 |
|---|---|---|
| 18 | Campeche | 59.7% |
| 19 | Aguascalientes | 59.7% |
| 20 | Michoacan | 59.4% |
| 21 | Baja California | 59.4% |
| 22 | Hidalgo | 58.9% |
| 23 | Tamaulipas | 58.4% |
| 24 | Guerrero | 58.1% |
Labour informality rate (TIL1), Q2 2026 (Q2 2026)
Baja California ranks 29 of 32, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Labour informality rate (TIL1), Q2 2026 |
|---|---|---|
| 26 | Aguascalientes | 42.5% |
| 27 | Baja California Sur | 39.6% |
| 28 | Queretaro | 39.2% |
| 29 | Baja California | 36.2% |
| 30 | Coahuila | 35.5% |
| 31 | Chihuahua | 35.1% |
| 32 | Nuevo Leon | 34.8% |
Average income per hour worked, employed people, Q2 2026 (Q2 2026)
Baja California ranks 7 of 32, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Average income per hour worked, employed people, Q2 2026 |
|---|---|---|
| 4 | Colima | 88.59 pesos |
| 5 | Chihuahua | 85.34 pesos |
| 6 | Sinaloa | 85.30 pesos |
| 7 | Baja California | 84.63 pesos |
| 8 | Sonora | 81.22 pesos |
| 9 | Quintana Roo | 79.60 pesos |
| 10 | Coahuila | 78.11 pesos |
Average quarterly current income per household, 2024 (2024)
Baja California ranks 4 of 32, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Average quarterly current income per household, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nuevo Leon | 117,034 pesos |
| 2 | Mexico City | 110,685 pesos |
| 3 | Baja California Sur | 104,728 pesos |
| 4 | Baja California | 101,187 pesos |
| 5 | Queretaro | 97,615 pesos |
| 6 | Sonora | 94,721 pesos |
| 7 | Chihuahua | 92,363 pesos |
Average quarterly current income per person, 2024 (2024)
Baja California ranks 4 of 32, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Average quarterly current income per person, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mexico City | 36,506 pesos |
| 2 | Nuevo Leon | 35,499 pesos |
| 3 | Baja California Sur | 33,381 pesos |
| 4 | Baja California | 31,880 pesos |
| 5 | Sonora | 29,456 pesos |
| 6 | Queretaro | 29,266 pesos |
| 7 | Colima | 29,015 pesos |
Gini coefficient of income per person, 2024 (2024)
Baja California ranks 31 of 32, highest first. Gini coefficient: 0 means everyone has the same income, 1 means one person has all of it.
| Rank | Region | Gini coefficient of income per person, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| 26 | Guanajuato | 0.363 |
| 27 | Baja California Sur | 0.359 |
| 28 | Coahuila | 0.358 |
| 29 | Tamaulipas | 0.358 |
| 30 | Sinaloa | 0.357 |
| 31 | Baja California | 0.347 |
| 32 | Tlaxcala | 0.344 |
More on Baja California: overview · health · education and schools · poverty and living standards · government budget · Mexico
Sources
- Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI): Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares (ENIGH) 2024, nueva serie, tables by federal entity: 1.3 (households), 2.1 and 2.3 (average quarterly current income per household and per person, deciles and Gini, 2016-2024 at constant 2024 prices), 4.5 (household spending by category), 6.1 (income and spending per household), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 70b3c7ea2dc8…)
- Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI): Encuesta Nacional de Ocupacion y Empleo (ENOE): strategic indicators of occupation and employment, April-June 2026, national and federal entity tables, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 ad9d2139d9ee…)
- Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI): Encuesta Nacional de Ocupacion y Empleo (ENOE): strategic indicators of occupation and employment, April-June 2025, national and federal entity tables, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 8e9948078b2c…)
- Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI): ENOE, informalidad laboral: quarterly labour informality and informal-sector rates by federal entity and sex, 2005-2026 (Tasas_Infor_enti-1.xlsx), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 d940bbd2871c…)
- Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI): Producto Interno Bruto por Entidad Federativa (PIBE), base year 2018, series 2003-2024 (2024 revised): tables PIBE_2 (GDP), PIBE_4 (gross value added), PIBE_5, PIBE_12 and PIBE_31 (primary, secondary and tertiary activities), PIBE_13 and PIBE_14 (mining, oil mining), PIBE_18 (manufacturing), PIBE_44 (accommodation and food services), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 c2de99570137…)
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