Economy, jobs and prices in Espirito Santo, Brazil: official figures
The gross domestic product of Espirito Santo was R$209.8 billion in 2023 at current prices, 1.9% of Brazil's R$10.94 trillion and 14th largest of 27. In current reais it was up 14.9% on 2022.
How fast is the economy of Espirito Santo growing?
After removing price changes, the economy of Espirito Santo grew 3.4% in 2023, against 3.2% for Brazil; 13th fastest growth of 27.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyHas the economy of Espirito Santo grown since 2010?
In real terms, GDP in Espirito Santo was 4.7% higher in 2023 than in 2010 (Brazil: 15.1% higher), the smallest growth of 27 over the period. Its share of national GDP moved from 2.20% in 2010 to 1.92% in 2023.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyWhat is the GDP per capita of Espirito Santo?
Dividing 2023 GDP by the 2022 census population (IBGE used the census count for 2023 because no 2023 estimate was made) gives R$54,733 per person, 1.02 times the Brazilian figure of R$53,887; 9th highest of 27.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyWhat are the main industries in Espirito Santo?
In 2023 services made up 66.1% of gross value added in Espirito Santo, industry 28.5% and agriculture and livestock 5.4% (7th lowest agricultural share of 27; Brazil 6.9%).
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyHow big is the public sector in the economy of Espirito Santo?
The largest activities in the economy of Espirito Santo in 2023 were trade and vehicle repair (17.2% of gross value added), public administration, defence, public education and health, and social security (15.2%) and other services (14.6%). The public sector (administration, public education and health, social security) accounted for 15.2%, 6th lowest of 27.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyWhat is the unemployment rate in Espirito Santo?
The unemployment rate in Espirito Santo was 2.3% in April to June 2026, according to IBGE's PNAD Continua survey, against 5.4% for Brazil; 3rd lowest of 27. A year earlier (April to June 2025) it was 3.1%.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyWhat was the highest unemployment rate in Espirito Santo?
Since the PNAD Continua series began in 2012, quarterly unemployment in Espirito Santo peaked at 14.7% in January to March 2017; its lowest rate was 2.3% in April to June 2026.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyWhat is the labour force participation rate in Espirito Santo?
In April to June 2026, 62.6% of people aged 14 and over in Espirito Santo were in the labour force (working or looking for work), 12th highest of 27 (Brazil 62.1%).
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyHow many people are employed in Espirito Santo?
About 2,080,000 people in Espirito Santo were employed in April to June 2026 and 49,000 were unemployed; 61.2% of the population aged 14 and over had a job (11th highest of 27).
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyHow many workers in Espirito Santo are informal?
40.0% of employed people in Espirito Santo worked informally in April to June 2026 (about 832,000 people), against 37.4% nationally; 12th lowest of 27. A year earlier the rate was 38.2%.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyWhat is the average salary in Espirito Santo?
Employed people in Espirito Santo usually earned an average of R$3,505 a month from their main job in April to June 2026 (Brazil R$3,621); 11th highest of 27. Adjusted for inflation that is up 0.3% on a year earlier and up 18.1% on April to June 2019.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyWhat is the average household income in Espirito Santo?
Average household income per person in Espirito Santo was R$2,209 a month in 2025, against R$2,264 for Brazil; 11th highest of 27.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyHow big is the gap between rich and poor in Espirito Santo?
In 2025 the richest 10% of people in Espirito Santo had an average household income of R$8,423 per person a month and the poorest 10% R$308, a ratio of 27.3 to 1 (13th narrowest gap of 27).
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyHow unequal is income in Espirito Santo?
The Gini index of household income per person in Espirito Santo was 0.480 in 2025 (Brazil 0.511), 11th least unequal of 27; in 2019 it was 0.518.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyWhat is the average income in Espirito Santo?
Average household income per person in Espirito Santo was R$2,054 a month in 2024 and the median was R$1,398; the average is 9th highest of the 26 states and the Federal District (Brazil: R$2,017 average, R$1,328 median).
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyIs income growing in Espirito Santo?
In 2024 prices, average household income per person in Espirito Santo rose from R$1,855 a month in 2019 to R$2,054 in 2024, 2.1% a year (Brazil: 2.2% a year); for the poorest 40% it grew 4.5% a year.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyMore figures
- White residents of Espirito Santo had an average household income of R$2,742 per person a month in 2024, against R$1,641 for Black and mixed-race (preto or pardo) residents. Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copy
How Espirito Santo compares with other states
GDP at current prices, 2023 (2023)
Espirito Santo ranks 14 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | GDP at current prices, 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| 11 | Pernambuco | R$270.5 billion |
| 12 | Para | R$254.5 billion |
| 13 | Ceara | R$232.2 billion |
| 14 | Espirito Santo | R$209.8 billion |
| 15 | Mato Grosso do Sul | R$184.4 billion |
| 16 | Amazonas | R$161.8 billion |
| 17 | Maranhao | R$149.2 billion |
GDP per person, 2023 (2023 GDP / 2022 census population) (2023)
Espirito Santo ranks 9 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | GDP per person, 2023 (2023 GDP / 2022 census population) |
|---|---|---|
| 6 | Mato Grosso do Sul | R$66,885 |
| 7 | Rio Grande do Sul | R$59,736 |
| 8 | Parana | R$58,624 |
| 9 | Espirito Santo | R$54,733 |
| 10 | Rondonia | R$48,353 |
| 11 | Goias | R$47,722 |
| 12 | Minas Gerais | R$47,321 |
Real GDP growth, 2023 (2023)
Espirito Santo ranks 13 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Real GDP growth, 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| 10 | Maranhao | 3.6% |
| 11 | Alagoas | 3.5% |
| 12 | Minas Gerais | 3.4% |
| 13 | Espirito Santo | 3.4% |
| 14 | Distrito Federal | 3.3% |
| 15 | Sergipe | 3.1% |
| 16 | Piaui | 3.1% |
Real GDP growth, 2010-2023 (cumulative) (2010-2023)
Espirito Santo ranks 27 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Real GDP growth, 2010-2023 (cumulative) |
|---|---|---|
| 21 | Rio de Janeiro | 12.2% |
| 22 | Minas Gerais | 11.5% |
| 23 | Sao Paulo | 8.9% |
| 24 | Rio Grande do Sul | 8.2% |
| 25 | Sergipe | 7.3% |
| 26 | Bahia | 6.9% |
| 27 | Espirito Santo | 4.7% |
Agriculture and livestock share of gross value added, 2023 (2023)
Espirito Santo ranks 21 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Agriculture and livestock share of gross value added, 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| 18 | Ceara | 6.0% |
| 19 | Pernambuco | 5.7% |
| 20 | Amazonas | 5.4% |
| 21 | Espirito Santo | 5.4% |
| 22 | Paraiba | 4.8% |
| 23 | Rio Grande do Norte | 4.2% |
| 24 | Sao Paulo | 2.4% |
Unemployment rate, Q2 2026 (Q2 2026)
Espirito Santo ranks 25 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Unemployment rate, Q2 2026 |
|---|---|---|
| 21 | Minas Gerais | 3.8% |
| 22 | Parana | 3.1% |
| 23 | Mato Grosso do Sul | 2.7% |
| 24 | Rondonia | 2.6% |
| 25 | Espirito Santo | 2.3% |
| 26 | Mato Grosso | 2.2% |
| 27 | Santa Catarina | 2.1% |
Labour force participation rate (age 14+), Q2 2026 (Q2 2026)
Espirito Santo ranks 12 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Labour force participation rate (age 14+), Q2 2026 |
|---|---|---|
| 9 | Tocantins | 64.4% |
| 10 | Roraima | 64.1% |
| 11 | Minas Gerais | 64.0% |
| 12 | Espirito Santo | 62.6% |
| 13 | Amazonas | 61.5% |
| 14 | Rio de Janeiro | 61.2% |
| 15 | Amapa | 60.3% |
Informality rate of employed people, Q2 2026 (Q2 2026)
Espirito Santo ranks 16 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Informality rate of employed people, Q2 2026 |
|---|---|---|
| 13 | Roraima | 42.7% |
| 14 | Rondonia | 42.0% |
| 15 | Rio Grande do Norte | 41.3% |
| 16 | Espirito Santo | 40.0% |
| 17 | Tocantins | 37.8% |
| 18 | Rio de Janeiro | 37.1% |
| 19 | Minas Gerais | 36.5% |
Average usual monthly earnings, main job, Q2 2026 (Q2 2026)
Espirito Santo ranks 11 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Average usual monthly earnings, main job, Q2 2026 |
|---|---|---|
| 8 | Goias | R$3,844 |
| 9 | Mato Grosso do Sul | R$3,731 |
| 10 | Rondonia | R$3,720 |
| 11 | Espirito Santo | R$3,505 |
| 12 | Roraima | R$3,395 |
| 13 | Tocantins | R$3,351 |
| 14 | Minas Gerais | R$3,341 |
Average monthly household income per person, 2025 (2025)
Espirito Santo ranks 11 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Average monthly household income per person, 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| 8 | Mato Grosso do Sul | R$2,369 |
| 9 | Mato Grosso | R$2,297 |
| 10 | Minas Gerais | R$2,289 |
| 11 | Espirito Santo | R$2,209 |
| 12 | Tocantins | R$1,979 |
| 13 | Rondonia | R$1,970 |
| 14 | Roraima | R$1,870 |
Gini index of household income per person, 2025 (2025)
Espirito Santo ranks 17 of 27, highest first. Gini index: 0 means everyone has the same income, 1 means one person has all of it.
| Rank | Region | Gini index of household income per person, 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| 14 | Sao Paulo | 0.491 |
| 15 | Maranhao | 0.491 |
| 16 | Amazonas | 0.488 |
| 17 | Espirito Santo | 0.480 |
| 18 | Goias | 0.479 |
| 19 | Minas Gerais | 0.473 |
| 20 | Tocantins | 0.472 |
Average monthly household income per person (R$) (2024)
Espirito Santo ranks 9 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Average monthly household income per person (R$) |
|---|---|---|
| 6 | Parana | R$2,408 |
| 7 | Mato Grosso | R$2,245 |
| 8 | Mato Grosso do Sul | R$2,114 |
| 9 | Espirito Santo | R$2,054 |
| 10 | Goias | R$2,051 |
| 11 | Minas Gerais | R$1,952 |
| 12 | Tocantins | R$1,736 |
More on Espirito Santo: overview · health · education and schools · poverty and living standards · government budget · Brazil
Sources
- Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE): Sistema de Contas Regionais: Brasil 2023, special tables 2010-2023 (table 1 GDP at current prices, table 3 chained volume index of GDP, table 7 composition of gross value added), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 948efefe5846…)
- Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE): PNAD Continua trimestral: SIDRA table 5436, average real monthly usual earnings from the main job of employed people aged 14 and over, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 136668052cfe…)
- Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE): PNAD Continua anual: SIDRA table 7435, Gini index of household income per person, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 c1d74e53cf3b…)
- Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE): PNAD Continua anual: SIDRA table 7531, average monthly household income per person (total, poorest 10%, richest 10%), at each year's average prices, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 fbfec5f10cf3…)
- Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE): Produto Interno Bruto dos Municipios 2023, table 5: share of the five municipalities with the largest GDP in each state's GDP, municipalities and population, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 3a0c51d647ca…)
- Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE): PNAD Continua trimestral: SIDRA table 4093, people aged 14 and over by labour force status, participation, employment, unemployment and informality rates, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 56ea7680db47…)
- Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE): Sintese de Indicadores Sociais 2025, chapter 2 tables (income distribution and poverty): Tables 2.1, 2.11, 2.13, 2.14, 2.15, 2.18, 2.20, 2.22, 2.23 (PNAD Continua 2024), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 e2084f0fca81…)
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