Economy, jobs and prices in Minas Gerais, Brazil: official figures
The gross domestic product of Minas Gerais was R$972.0 billion in 2023 at current prices, 8.9% of Brazil's R$10.94 trillion and 3rd largest of 27. In current reais it was up 7.2% on 2022.
How fast is the economy of Minas Gerais growing?
After removing price changes, the economy of Minas Gerais grew 3.4% in 2023, against 3.2% for Brazil; 12th fastest growth of 27.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyHas the economy of Minas Gerais grown since 2010?
In real terms, GDP in Minas Gerais was 11.5% higher in 2023 than in 2010 (Brazil: 15.1% higher), 6th smallest growth of 27 over the period. Its share of national GDP moved from 9.04% in 2010 to 8.88% in 2023.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyWhat is the GDP per capita of Minas Gerais?
Dividing 2023 GDP by the 2022 census population (IBGE used the census count for 2023 because no 2023 estimate was made) gives R$47,321 per person, 0.88 times the Brazilian figure of R$53,887; 12th highest of 27.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyWhat are the main industries in Minas Gerais?
In 2023 services made up 63.0% of gross value added in Minas Gerais, industry 29.7% and agriculture and livestock 7.3% (13th lowest agricultural share of 27; Brazil 6.9%).
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyHow big is the public sector in the economy of Minas Gerais?
The largest activities in the economy of Minas Gerais in 2023 were manufacturing (19.2% of gross value added), other services (16.4%) and public administration, defence, public education and health, and social security (15.8%). The public sector (administration, public education and health, social security) accounted for 15.8%, 8th lowest of 27.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyWhat is the unemployment rate in Minas Gerais?
The unemployment rate in Minas Gerais was 3.8% in April to June 2026, according to IBGE's PNAD Continua survey, against 5.4% for Brazil; 7th lowest of 27. A year earlier (April to June 2025) it was 4.0%.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyWhat was the highest unemployment rate in Minas Gerais?
Since the PNAD Continua series began in 2012, quarterly unemployment in Minas Gerais peaked at 13.8% in January to March 2017; its lowest rate was 3.8% in October to December 2025.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyWhat is the labour force participation rate in Minas Gerais?
In April to June 2026, 64.0% of people aged 14 and over in Minas Gerais were in the labour force (working or looking for work), 11th highest of 27 (Brazil 62.1%).
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyHow many people are employed in Minas Gerais?
About 11,013,000 people in Minas Gerais were employed in April to June 2026 and 437,000 were unemployed; 61.6% of the population aged 14 and over had a job (10th highest of 27).
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyHow many workers in Minas Gerais are informal?
36.5% of employed people in Minas Gerais worked informally in April to June 2026 (about 4,020,000 people), against 37.4% nationally; 9th lowest of 27. A year earlier the rate was 36.5%.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyWhat is the average salary in Minas Gerais?
Employed people in Minas Gerais usually earned an average of R$3,341 a month from their main job in April to June 2026 (Brazil R$3,621); 14th highest of 27. Adjusted for inflation that is up 3.5% on a year earlier and up 21.8% on April to June 2019.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyWhat is the average household income in Minas Gerais?
Average household income per person in Minas Gerais was R$2,289 a month in 2025, against R$2,264 for Brazil; 10th highest of 27.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyHow big is the gap between rich and poor in Minas Gerais?
In 2025 the richest 10% of people in Minas Gerais had an average household income of R$8,707 per person a month and the poorest 10% R$365, a ratio of 23.9 to 1 (6th narrowest gap of 27).
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyHow unequal is income in Minas Gerais?
The Gini index of household income per person in Minas Gerais was 0.473 in 2025 (Brazil 0.511), 9th least unequal of 27; in 2019 it was 0.487.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyWhat is the average income in Minas Gerais?
Average household income per person in Minas Gerais was R$1,952 a month in 2024 and the median was R$1,409; the average is 11th highest of the 26 states and the Federal District (Brazil: R$2,017 average, R$1,328 median).
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyIs income growing in Minas Gerais?
In 2024 prices, average household income per person in Minas Gerais rose from R$1,721 a month in 2019 to R$1,952 in 2024, 2.6% a year (Brazil: 2.2% a year); for the poorest 40% it grew 5.3% a year.
Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copyMore figures
- White residents of Minas Gerais had an average household income of R$2,423 per person a month in 2024, against R$1,627 for Black and mixed-race (preto or pardo) residents. Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copy
How Minas Gerais compares with other states
GDP at current prices, 2023 (2023)
Minas Gerais ranks 3 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | GDP at current prices, 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sao Paulo | R$3.44 trillion |
| 2 | Rio de Janeiro | R$1.17 trillion |
| 3 | Minas Gerais | R$972.0 billion |
| 4 | Parana | R$670.9 billion |
| 5 | Rio Grande do Sul | R$650.1 billion |
| 6 | Santa Catarina | R$513.4 billion |
| 7 | Bahia | R$431.0 billion |
GDP per person, 2023 (2023 GDP / 2022 census population) (2023)
Minas Gerais ranks 12 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | GDP per person, 2023 (2023 GDP / 2022 census population) |
|---|---|---|
| 9 | Espirito Santo | R$54,733 |
| 10 | Rondonia | R$48,353 |
| 11 | Goias | R$47,722 |
| 12 | Minas Gerais | R$47,321 |
| 13 | Tocantins | R$42,553 |
| 14 | Amazonas | R$41,048 |
| 15 | Roraima | R$39,461 |
Real GDP growth, 2023 (2023)
Minas Gerais ranks 12 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Real GDP growth, 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| 9 | Roraima | 4.2% |
| 10 | Maranhao | 3.6% |
| 11 | Alagoas | 3.5% |
| 12 | Minas Gerais | 3.4% |
| 13 | Espirito Santo | 3.4% |
| 14 | Distrito Federal | 3.3% |
| 15 | Sergipe | 3.1% |
Real GDP growth, 2010-2023 (cumulative) (2010-2023)
Minas Gerais ranks 22 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Real GDP growth, 2010-2023 (cumulative) |
|---|---|---|
| 19 | Pernambuco | 14.9% |
| 20 | Parana | 14.3% |
| 21 | Rio de Janeiro | 12.2% |
| 22 | Minas Gerais | 11.5% |
| 23 | Sao Paulo | 8.9% |
| 24 | Rio Grande do Sul | 8.2% |
| 25 | Sergipe | 7.3% |
Agriculture and livestock share of gross value added, 2023 (2023)
Minas Gerais ranks 15 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Agriculture and livestock share of gross value added, 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| 12 | Bahia | 10.4% |
| 13 | Roraima | 8.9% |
| 14 | Rio Grande do Sul | 8.8% |
| 15 | Minas Gerais | 7.3% |
| 16 | Santa Catarina | 7.1% |
| 17 | Sergipe | 6.5% |
| 18 | Ceara | 6.0% |
Unemployment rate, Q2 2026 (Q2 2026)
Minas Gerais ranks 21 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Unemployment rate, Q2 2026 |
|---|---|---|
| 18 | Rio Grande do Sul | 4.2% |
| 19 | Tocantins | 4.1% |
| 20 | Goias | 4.0% |
| 21 | Minas Gerais | 3.8% |
| 22 | Parana | 3.1% |
| 23 | Mato Grosso do Sul | 2.7% |
| 24 | Rondonia | 2.6% |
Labour force participation rate (age 14+), Q2 2026 (Q2 2026)
Minas Gerais ranks 11 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Labour force participation rate (age 14+), Q2 2026 |
|---|---|---|
| 8 | Mato Grosso do Sul | 65.3% |
| 9 | Tocantins | 64.4% |
| 10 | Roraima | 64.1% |
| 11 | Minas Gerais | 64.0% |
| 12 | Espirito Santo | 62.6% |
| 13 | Amazonas | 61.5% |
| 14 | Rio de Janeiro | 61.2% |
Informality rate of employed people, Q2 2026 (Q2 2026)
Minas Gerais ranks 19 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Informality rate of employed people, Q2 2026 |
|---|---|---|
| 16 | Espirito Santo | 40.0% |
| 17 | Tocantins | 37.8% |
| 18 | Rio de Janeiro | 37.1% |
| 19 | Minas Gerais | 36.5% |
| 20 | Goias | 36.1% |
| 21 | Mato Grosso | 34.1% |
| 22 | Parana | 30.5% |
Average usual monthly earnings, main job, Q2 2026 (Q2 2026)
Minas Gerais ranks 14 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Average usual monthly earnings, main job, Q2 2026 |
|---|---|---|
| 11 | Espirito Santo | R$3,505 |
| 12 | Roraima | R$3,395 |
| 13 | Tocantins | R$3,351 |
| 14 | Minas Gerais | R$3,341 |
| 15 | Amapa | R$3,058 |
| 16 | Acre | R$3,039 |
| 17 | Sergipe | R$2,865 |
Average monthly household income per person, 2025 (2025)
Minas Gerais ranks 10 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Average monthly household income per person, 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| 7 | Goias | R$2,378 |
| 8 | Mato Grosso do Sul | R$2,369 |
| 9 | Mato Grosso | R$2,297 |
| 10 | Minas Gerais | R$2,289 |
| 11 | Espirito Santo | R$2,209 |
| 12 | Tocantins | R$1,979 |
| 13 | Rondonia | R$1,970 |
Gini index of household income per person, 2025 (2025)
Minas Gerais ranks 19 of 27, highest first. Gini index: 0 means everyone has the same income, 1 means one person has all of it.
| Rank | Region | Gini index of household income per person, 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| 16 | Amazonas | 0.488 |
| 17 | Espirito Santo | 0.480 |
| 18 | Goias | 0.479 |
| 19 | Minas Gerais | 0.473 |
| 20 | Tocantins | 0.472 |
| 21 | Parana | 0.470 |
| 22 | Rio Grande do Sul | 0.468 |
Average monthly household income per person (R$) (2024)
Minas Gerais ranks 11 of 27, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Average monthly household income per person (R$) |
|---|---|---|
| 8 | Mato Grosso do Sul | R$2,114 |
| 9 | Espirito Santo | R$2,054 |
| 10 | Goias | R$2,051 |
| 11 | Minas Gerais | R$1,952 |
| 12 | Tocantins | R$1,736 |
| 13 | Rondonia | R$1,724 |
| 14 | Rio Grande do Norte | R$1,552 |
More on Minas Gerais: overview · health · education and schools · poverty and living standards · government budget · Brazil
Sources
- Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE): Sistema de Contas Regionais: Brasil 2023, special tables 2010-2023 (table 1 GDP at current prices, table 3 chained volume index of GDP, table 7 composition of gross value added), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 948efefe5846…)
- Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE): PNAD Continua trimestral: SIDRA table 5436, average real monthly usual earnings from the main job of employed people aged 14 and over, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 136668052cfe…)
- Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE): PNAD Continua anual: SIDRA table 7435, Gini index of household income per person, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 c1d74e53cf3b…)
- Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE): PNAD Continua anual: SIDRA table 7531, average monthly household income per person (total, poorest 10%, richest 10%), at each year's average prices, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 fbfec5f10cf3…)
- Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE): Produto Interno Bruto dos Municipios 2023, table 5: share of the five municipalities with the largest GDP in each state's GDP, municipalities and population, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 3a0c51d647ca…)
- Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE): PNAD Continua trimestral: SIDRA table 4093, people aged 14 and over by labour force status, participation, employment, unemployment and informality rates, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 56ea7680db47…)
- Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE): Sintese de Indicadores Sociais 2025, chapter 2 tables (income distribution and poverty): Tables 2.1, 2.11, 2.13, 2.14, 2.15, 2.18, 2.20, 2.22, 2.23 (PNAD Continua 2024), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 e2084f0fca81…)
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