Poverty and living standards in Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova, Türkiye: official figures
Using a poverty line of 134,286 lira a year (50% of the regional median), TÜİK found a relative poverty rate of 7.0% in the Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova region (TR42) in 2025, 4th lowest of 26 regions; the national rate on the same basis was 13.0%.
How many poor people live in the Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova region?
About 295 thousand people in the Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova region lived below the regional poverty line in the 2025 survey.
Source: Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK) · saved copyHow unequal is income in the Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova region?
The richest 20% of people in the Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova region received 40.6% of all income in the 2025 survey and the poorest 20% received 8.8%, so the top fifth had 4.6 times the income of the bottom fifth (national ratio 7.5).
Source: Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK) · saved copyHow expensive is rent in the Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova region?
Housing costs (rent, water, electricity and fuel) in the Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova region stood at 100.2 on TÜİK's 2024 regional price index (Türkiye = 100), 10th most expensive of 26 regions.
Source: Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK) · saved copyMore figures
- With the wider line of 60% of regional median income (161,143 lira), the poverty rate in the Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova region was 13.1% in 2025, 3rd lowest of 26 regions. Source: Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK) · saved copy
- The relative poverty rate in the Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova region fell from 8.3% in 2024 to 7.0% in 2025 (50% line). Source: Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK) · saved copy
- In the 2014 survey the poverty rate in the Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova region was 8.9% at the 50% line, compared with 7.0% in 2025. Source: Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK) · saved copy
- On the S80/S20 income ratio, the Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova region was 2nd most equal of 26 regions in the 2025 survey. Source: Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK) · saved copy
How Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova compares with other statistical regions
Relative poverty rate, 50% of the regional median income (%) (2025)
Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova ranks 23 of 26, highest first. Poverty line set separately for each region
| Rank | Region | Relative poverty rate, 50% of the regional median income (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 20 | Zonguldak, Karabük, Bartın | 7.8% |
| 21 | Van, Muş, Bitlis, Hakkari | 7.2% |
| 22 | Kayseri, Sivas, Yozgat | 7.2% |
| 23 | Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova | 7.0% |
| 24 | Gaziantep, Adıyaman, Kilis | 6.6% |
| 25 | Malatya, Elazığ, Bingöl, Tunceli | 6.3% |
| 26 | Şanlıurfa, Diyarbakır | 4.6% |
Relative poverty rate, 60% of the regional median income (%) (2025)
Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova ranks 24 of 26, highest first. Poverty line set separately for each region
| Rank | Region | Relative poverty rate, 60% of the regional median income (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 20 | Malatya, Elazığ, Bingöl, Tunceli | 14.9% |
| 21 | Kayseri, Sivas, Yozgat | 13.9% |
| 22 | Trabzon, Ordu, Giresun, Rize, Artvin, Gümüşhane | 13.9% |
| 23 | Mardin, Batman, Şırnak, Siirt | 13.7% |
| 24 | Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova | 13.1% |
| 25 | Gaziantep, Adıyaman, Kilis | 12.4% |
| 26 | Şanlıurfa, Diyarbakır | 11.1% |
Share of total income received by the richest 20% (%) (2025)
Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova ranks 25 of 26, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Share of total income received by the richest 20% (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 20 | Kastamonu, Çankırı, Sinop | 42.1% |
| 21 | Trabzon, Ordu, Giresun, Rize, Artvin, Gümüşhane | 42.0% |
| 22 | Van, Muş, Bitlis, Hakkari | 41.6% |
| 23 | Bursa, Eskişehir, Bilecik | 41.5% |
| 24 | Zonguldak, Karabük, Bartın | 41.3% |
| 25 | Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova | 40.6% |
| 26 | Malatya, Elazığ, Bingöl, Tunceli | 40.3% |
Income quintile share ratio S80/S20 (richest 20% vs poorest 20%) (2025)
Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova ranks 25 of 26, highest first. Computed from quintile shares
| Rank | Region | Income quintile share ratio S80/S20 (richest 20% vs poorest 20%) |
|---|---|---|
| 20 | Bursa, Eskişehir, Bilecik | 5.20 |
| 21 | Trabzon, Ordu, Giresun, Rize, Artvin, Gümüşhane | 5.15 |
| 22 | Şanlıurfa, Diyarbakır | 5.03 |
| 23 | Van, Muş, Bitlis, Hakkari | 4.91 |
| 24 | Zonguldak, Karabük, Bartın | 4.86 |
| 25 | Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova | 4.62 |
| 26 | Malatya, Elazığ, Bingöl, Tunceli | 4.57 |
Price level of rent, water, electricity and fuels (Türkiye = 100) (2024)
Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova ranks 10 of 26, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Price level of rent, water, electricity and fuels (Türkiye = 100) |
|---|---|---|
| 7 | Adana, Mersin | 111.9 |
| 8 | Bursa, Eskişehir, Bilecik | 105.0 |
| 9 | Tekirdağ, Edirne, Kırklareli | 104.8 |
| 10 | Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova | 100.2 |
| 11 | Zonguldak, Karabük, Bartın | 97.7 |
| 12 | Konya, Karaman | 96.8 |
| 13 | Trabzon, Ordu, Giresun, Rize, Artvin, Gümüşhane | 96.4 |
More on Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, Yalova: overview · economy and jobs · health · education and schools · Türkiye
Sources
- Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK): Income Distribution Statistics 2025: distribution of annual equivalised household disposable income by quintile, Türkiye and NUTS2 regions, 2014-2025, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 b49635410b76…)
- Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK): Regional Purchasing Power Parity 2024: regional price level indices by main consumption expenditure group, 26 NUTS2 regions (Türkiye = 100), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 61c00aeab8aa…)
- Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK): Poverty and Living Conditions Statistics 2025: relative poor and poverty rate by poverty line calculated separately for each NUTS2 region, 2014-2025, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 433099c43599…)
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