Poverty and living standards in Central Java, Indonesia: official figures
9.39% of people in Central Java lived below the poverty line in September 2025, 19th highest of 38 provinces; the national poverty rate was 8.25%.
How many people live in poverty in Central Java?
About 3,345 thousand people in Central Java were poor in September 2025, 3rd highest of 38 provinces for the number of poor people (Indonesia: 23.36 million).
Source: Ministry of Health (Kemenkes), Secretariat General · saved copyWhat is the poverty line in Central Java?
The poverty line in Central Java was Rp 570,870 per person per month in September 2025, 7th lowest of 38 provinces; the national line was Rp 641,443.
Source: Ministry of Health (Kemenkes), Secretariat General · saved copyIs poverty higher in rural or urban areas of Central Java?
Poverty in Central Java was 8.99% in cities and towns and 9.87% in rural areas in September 2025 (national: 6.60% urban, 10.72% rural).
Source: Ministry of Health (Kemenkes), Secretariat General · saved copyHow many poor people live in rural Central Java?
Of the 3,345 thousand poor people in Central Java in September 2025, 1,740 thousand lived in urban areas and 1,604 thousand in rural areas.
Source: Ministry of Health (Kemenkes), Secretariat General · saved copyHow deep is poverty in Central Java?
The poverty depth index in Central Java was 1.51 and the poverty severity index 0.34 in September 2025 (national: 1.29 and 0.30); the depth index is 17th highest of 38 provinces, and a higher value means the poor live further below the poverty line.
Source: Ministry of Health (Kemenkes), Secretariat General · saved copyHow unequal is Central Java?
The Gini index of spending inequality in Central Java was 0.350 in 2025 (0 is perfect equality, 1 is total inequality), joint 13th most unequal of 38 provinces; the national index was 0.363.
Source: Ministry of Health (Kemenkes), Secretariat General · saved copyIs inequality rising in Central Java?
Inequality in Central Java fell from 0.364 in 2024 to 0.350 in 2025; nationally the Gini index fell from 0.390 to 0.363.
Source: Ministry of Health (Kemenkes), Secretariat General · saved copyHow Central Java compares with other provinces
Share of people below the poverty line (September 2025)
Central Java ranks 19 of 38, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Share of people below the poverty line |
|---|---|---|
| 16 | Special Region of Yogyakarta | 10.08% |
| 17 | South Sumatra | 9.85% |
| 18 | Lampung | 9.66% |
| 19 | Central Java | 9.39% |
| 20 | East Java | 9.30% |
| 21 | South Sulawesi | 7.43% |
| 22 | North Sumatra | 7.24% |
Gini index of spending inequality (2025)
Central Java ranks 13 of 38, highest first. 0 is perfect equality, 1 is total inequality
| Rank | Region | Gini index of spending inequality |
|---|---|---|
| 10 | Southwest Papua | 0.361 |
| 11 | East Java | 0.359 |
| 12 | Southeast Sulawesi | 0.357 |
| 13 | Central Java | 0.350 |
| 14 | South Sulawesi | 0.350 |
| 15 | Highland Papua | 0.347 |
| 16 | North Sulawesi | 0.341 |
Poverty depth index (P1) (September 2025)
Central Java ranks 17 of 38, highest first. How far the average poor person falls below the poverty line
| Rank | Region | Poverty depth index (P1) |
|---|---|---|
| 14 | Southeast Sulawesi | 1.61 |
| 15 | West Nusa Tenggara | 1.57 |
| 16 | South Sumatra | 1.54 |
| 17 | Central Java | 1.51 |
| 18 | Central Sulawesi | 1.38 |
| 19 | South Sulawesi | 1.30 |
| 20 | East Java | 1.29 |
More on Central Java: overview · economy and jobs · health · education and schools · government budget · Indonesia
Sources
- Ministry of Health (Kemenkes), Secretariat General: Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2025, Lampiran 1.8: Gini index by province, 2021-2025 (Susenas, Statistics Indonesia), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 d90b802535dc…)
Each saved copy is the file exactly as downloaded, kept so the figures can be checked even if the source changes. Report an error.