Indonesia: jobs and pay

What share of Indonesians are in the labour force?

68.0% of Indonesians aged 15 and over were in the labour force in 2025, according to the World Bank's labour force participation indicator, which uses modelled ILO estimates. The rate was 67.9% in 2024.

The labour force includes people who work or are looking for work. Modelled estimates are adjusted so that countries can be compared, so they can differ slightly from Statistics Indonesia's own labour force survey (Sakernas), which is published twice a year on the BPS website.

Official sources: World Bank: labour force participation rate, Indonesia · Statistics Indonesia (BPS)

How many Indonesian women are in the labour force?

53.7% of Indonesian women aged 15 and over were in the labour force in 2025, according to the World Bank's female labour force participation indicator, based on modelled ILO estimates. The rate was 53.6% in 2024 and 53.5% in 2023.

The overall participation rate for both sexes was 68.0%, which implies a much higher rate for men. Participation counts paid work and job seeking; unpaid care and housework are not counted. National figures by sex are published in Statistics Indonesia's labour force survey.

Official sources: World Bank: female labour force participation rate, Indonesia

What is youth unemployment in Indonesia?

13.0% of Indonesians aged 15 to 24 in the labour force were unemployed in 2025, according to the World Bank's youth unemployment indicator, based on modelled ILO estimates. The rate was 13.1% in 2024.

Youth unemployment counts young people who are looking for work but have none, as a share of all young people working or looking. Students who are not seeking work are not in the labour force, so they are not counted as unemployed. Statistics Indonesia publishes its own figures by age group from the Sakernas survey.

Official sources: World Bank: youth unemployment, Indonesia

How many Indonesians are in vulnerable or informal work?

50.0% of employed Indonesians were in vulnerable employment in 2025, according to the World Bank's vulnerable employment indicator, based on modelled ILO estimates. The share was 50.3% in 2024 and 50.7% in 2023.

Vulnerable employment covers own-account workers and unpaid family workers, who are less likely to have formal contracts or social protection. It is related to, but not the same as, informal work, which Statistics Indonesia measures in its labour force survey using a separate definition.

Official sources: World Bank: vulnerable employment, Indonesia

Which sectors employ most Indonesians?

Services employed 50.2% of Indonesian workers in 2025, industry 22.5% and agriculture 27.3%, according to the World Bank's modelled ILO estimates for services, industry and agriculture.

Agriculture's share fell from 28.8% in 2023, while services rose from 49.3%. Industry includes manufacturing, mining, construction and utilities. The shares add up to 100% of employment. National breakdowns by detailed sector are published in Statistics Indonesia's labour force survey.

Official sources: World Bank: employment in services, Indonesia · World Bank: employment in industry, Indonesia · World Bank: employment in agriculture, Indonesia

What is the minimum wage in Indonesia?

The latest figure from the ILO, for 2024, is 5,067,381 IDR a month (about $320). No year since 2012 has been higher.

What is the average wage in Indonesia?

$182 a month: that is average monthly earnings of employees in Indonesia for 2023, according to the ILO. Since 2012 it has ranged from $136 a month (2015) to $183 a month (2019). It is 9th highest of 9 in East Asia & Pacific, where the median is $358 a month. World rank, highest first: 72nd of 80.

What is the unemployment rate in Indonesia?

3.2%: that is the unemployment rate in Indonesia for 2025, according to the ILO. That is the lowest since at least 2005. It is 11th highest of 24 in East Asia & Pacific, where the median is 2.9%. Worldwide: 129th of 174.

What is the youth unemployment rate in Indonesia?

According to the ILO, unemployment among 15 to 24 year olds in Indonesia was 13.0% in 2025. It is the bottom of the series, which starts in 2005. It is 5th highest of 24 in East Asia & Pacific, where the median is 7.5%. Of 174 countries with 2025 data, 83rd highest.

How many people in Indonesia are working or looking for work?

In 2025, the labour force participation rate in Indonesia was 68.0%, according to the ILO. Its high point since 2005 was 2019, at 68.2%; its low point was 2006, at 64.2%. Across East Asia & Pacific the middle value was 65.3%, and Indonesia placed 7th highest of 24. Worldwide: 35th of 174.

What share of women in Indonesia are in the labour force?

The latest figure from the ILO, for 2025, is 53.7%. Since 2005 it has ranged from 46.0% (2006) to 53.9% (2019). East Asia & Pacific median: 56.3%; Indonesia is 15th highest of 24. Of 174 countries with 2025 data, 86th highest.

What is the employment rate in Indonesia?

According to the ILO, the employment to population ratio in Indonesia was 65.8% in 2025. The peak was 65.8% in 2019 and the low 59.3% in 2005. It is 9th highest of 24 in East Asia & Pacific, where the median is 63.1%. World rank, highest first: 34th of 174.

What is vulnerable employment in Indonesia?

The ILO puts the share of workers who are own-account or contributing family workers in Indonesia at 50.0% in 2025. Its high point since 2005 was 2005, at 59.1%; its low point was 2015, at 48.2%. Across East Asia & Pacific the middle value was 40.0%, and Indonesia placed 10th highest of 24. Worldwide: 53rd of 174.

What share of jobs in Indonesia are salaried?

According to the ILO, the share of workers who are paid employees in Indonesia was 46.7% in 2025. Since 2005 it has ranged from 38.1% (2005) to 48.5% (2015). Across East Asia & Pacific the middle value was 56.8%, and Indonesia placed 15th highest of 24. Of 174 countries with 2025 data, 123rd highest.