Indonesia: economy

How fast is Indonesia's economy growing?

Indonesia's economy grew 5.29% in the second quarter of 2026 from a year earlier, after 5.61% in the first quarter, according to Bank Indonesia's release of 5 August 2026 on BPS figures. Household consumption rose 5.06% and government consumption 15.97%.

Investment grew 6.87% and exports 4.13%. Bank Indonesia attributes part of the rise in government spending to the 13th-month salary and the Free Nutritious Meals (MBG) programme. It projects growth of 4.9% to 5.7% for 2026. Growth here is year on year, so it compares a quarter with the same quarter of 2025.

Official sources: Bank Indonesia: Indonesia's economy in Q2 2026

What is Indonesia's current account balance?

Indonesia ran a current account deficit of US$12.5 billion in the second quarter of 2026, equal to 3.3% of GDP, according to Bank Indonesia's balance of payments release. In the first quarter the deficit was US$3.6 billion, or 1.0% of GDP.

Bank Indonesia links the wider deficit mainly to a larger oil and gas trade deficit as world oil prices rose, and a smaller non-oil trade surplus. The capital and financial account was in surplus, so the overall balance of payments deficit narrowed to US$0.9 billion from US$9.1 billion.

Official sources: Bank Indonesia: balance of payments, Q2 2026

Does Indonesia have a trade surplus?

Indonesia recorded a trade surplus of US$3.55 billion in August 2026, up from US$0.12 billion in July, according to Bank Indonesia's release of 1 October 2026 on BPS data. For January to August 2026 the surplus was US$7.25 billion.

Non-oil and gas trade showed a surplus of US$6.09 billion, while oil and gas trade had a deficit of US$2.54 billion. The Finance Ministry's fiscal strategy directorate reports that imports rose 19.84% in January to August, faster than exports at 4.74%. China, the United States and India were the main export markets.

Official sources: Bank Indonesia: trade balance, August 2026 · Ministry of Finance (DJSEF): press release, 1 October 2026

How large are Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves?

Indonesia's official reserve assets were US$146.3 billion at the end of September 2026, compared with US$146.5 billion at the end of August, according to Bank Indonesia's release of 7 October 2026.

The reserves were equal to 5.3 months of imports, or 5.2 months of imports plus government external debt payments. A common benchmark is about three months of imports. Bank Indonesia uses reserves among other tools to stabilise the rupiah, which it recorded at Rp17,855 per US dollar on 22 September 2026.

Official sources: Bank Indonesia: official reserve assets, September 2026 · Bank Indonesia: Board of Governors decision, September 2026

How fast is bank lending growing in Indonesia?

Bank lending in Indonesia grew 13.65% in the year to August 2026, up from 13.58% in July, according to Bank Indonesia's Board of Governors statement of 23 September 2026. Investment loans rose 25.11%, working capital loans 11.45% and consumer loans 5.07%.

Bank deposits (third-party funds) grew 10.94%. Bank Indonesia's projection for credit growth in 2026 is 8% to 12%. The gross non-performing loan ratio was 2.10% in July 2026. Loan growth is measured in nominal rupiah, so part of it reflects inflation.

Official sources: Bank Indonesia: Board of Governors decision, September 2026

Are Indonesian retail sales growing?

Indonesian retail sales grew 1.1% in July 2026 from a year earlier, after a 3.0% fall in June, according to Bank Indonesia's Retail Sales Survey of 10 September 2026. Retailers expected 0.5% growth in August.

The survey's Real Sales Index measures sales volumes reported by a sample of retailers, so it removes price changes. Monthly sales fell 0.1% in July, which Bank Indonesia links to demand returning to normal after religious holidays and school holidays. The August figure is an estimate that is revised in the next survey.

Official sources: Bank Indonesia: Retail Sales Survey, August 2026

How fast is Indonesia's economy growing?

5.1%: that is real GDP growth in Indonesia for 2025, according to the World Bank. The peak was 6.3% in 2007 and the low -2.1% in 2020. It is 8th highest of 29 in East Asia & Pacific, where the median is 3.6%. Worldwide: 43rd of 180.

What is Indonesia's GDP per person?

According to the World Bank, GDP per person in Indonesia was $5,060 in 2025. No year since 2005 has been higher. It is 19th highest of 29 in East Asia & Pacific, where the median is $6,547. World rank, highest first: 113th of 180.

How does Indonesia's income per person compare after prices?

The latest figure from the World Bank, for 2025, is $17,660 in international dollars. That is the highest since at least 2005. Across East Asia & Pacific the middle value was $14,200 in international dollars, and Indonesia placed 13th highest of 29. Of 179 countries with 2025 data, 98th highest.

What share of Indonesia's economy is exports?

The World Bank puts exports of goods and services in Indonesia at 22.8% of GDP in 2025. Since 2005 it has ranged from 17.3% of GDP (2020) to 34.1% of GDP (2005). Across East Asia & Pacific the middle value was 53.8% of GDP, and Indonesia placed 14th highest of 16. Of 133 countries with 2025 data, 97th highest.

Does Indonesia earn more abroad than it spends?

The latest figure from the IMF, for 2025, is -0.1% of GDP (a deficit). The peak was 3.0% of GDP in 2006 and the low -3.2% of GDP in 2013. East Asia & Pacific median: 1.6% of GDP; Indonesia is 11th highest of 19. Of 132 countries with 2025 data, 55th highest.

What is FDI in Indonesia?

In 2025, net inflows of foreign direct investment in Indonesia was 1.6% of GDP, according to the IMF. Since 2005 it has ranged from 0.5% of GDP (2016) to 2.9% of GDP (2005). It is 16th highest of 28 in East Asia & Pacific, where the median is 1.9% of GDP. World rank, highest first: 107th of 179.

How high are loan rates in Indonesia?

According to the IMF, the average bank lending rate in Indonesia was 8.5% in 2025. It is the bottom of the series, which starts in 2005. It is 2nd highest of 10 in East Asia & Pacific, where the median is 6.5%. World rank, highest first: 40th of 73.