Economy, jobs and prices in Berlin, Germany: official figures
GDP per person was 50,600 purchasing power standards (PPS) in 2024, 127% of the EU average; 6th highest of 16 states in Germany. PPS adjust for price differences between countries.
How big is the economy of Berlin?
The regional economy produced €207.9 billion of output (GDP at market prices) in 2024, 4.8% of Germany's GDP.
Source: Eurostat · saved copyWhat is the unemployment rate in Berlin?
The unemployment rate (age 15 to 74) was 6.5% in 2025, against 3.8% for Germany and 6.0% across the EU; the highest of 16 states in Germany.
Source: Eurostat · saved copyWhat is youth unemployment in Berlin?
Youth unemployment (age 15 to 24) was 9.8% in 2025, against 7.1% for Germany; the highest of 8 states in Germany.
Source: Eurostat · saved copyHow much does Berlin spend on research and development?
Spending on research and development came to 3.04% of GDP in 2023 (3.10% nationally).
Source: Eurostat · saved copyWhat is the gender pay gap in Berlin?
Women in Berlin earned 10% less per hour than men on average in 2025, 6th narrowest gender pay gap of 16 Länder (Germany: 16%).
Source: Statistische Ämter des Bundes und der Länder (Arbeitskreis Nachhaltigkeitsindikatoren) · saved copyHow many women work in Berlin?
73.9% of women aged 20 to 64 in Berlin were employed in 2025 (Germany: 77.8%).
Source: Statistische Ämter des Bundes und der Länder (Arbeitskreis Nachhaltigkeitsindikatoren) · saved copyHow much of Berlin's electricity is renewable?
Renewable sources generated 6.2% of the electricity produced in Berlin in 2022, the lowest of 15 Länder (Germany: 44.6%).
Source: Statistische Ämter des Bundes und der Länder (Arbeitskreis Nachhaltigkeitsindikatoren) · saved copyHow many people in Berlin are long-term unemployed?
Long-term unemployment (people out of work for a year or more) stood at 2.0% of the labour force in 2025, compared with 1.1% nationally and 1.9% in the EU; 2nd highest of 13 states in Germany. In 2015 it was 4.7%.
Source: Eurostat · saved copyWhat is the unemployment rate for women in Berlin?
The unemployment rate for women in Berlin was 5.9% in 2025, compared with 3.5% nationally and 6.2% in the EU; the highest of 14 states in Germany. In 2015 it was 8.1%.
Source: Eurostat · saved copyHow many women in Berlin are in work?
73.6% of women aged 20 to 64 were in work in 2025, compared with 77.7% nationally and 71.3% in the EU; 2nd lowest of 16 states in Germany. In 2015 it was 69.8%.
Source: Eurostat · saved copyIs the economy of Berlin growing?
Output (gross value added, after inflation) changed by 0.6% in 2024 (Germany: -0.6%); 4th highest of 16 states in Germany. In 2014 it was 2.8%.
Source: Eurostat · saved copyHow many cars are there in Berlin?
There were 334 passenger cars per 1,000 people in 2024 (Germany: 590); the lowest of 16 states in Germany. In 2014 it was 333.
Source: Eurostat · saved copyWhat is the average salary in Berlin?
Average compensation per employee (pay plus employer social contributions) was €43,313 in 2023, against €40,705 across Germany; 5th highest of 16 states in Germany.
Source: Eurostat · saved copyHow many tourists visit Berlin?
Visitors spent 29.2 million nights in tourist accommodation in 2025, 41% of them by visitors from abroad.
Source: Eurostat · saved copyWhat is the main industry in Berlin?
The largest part of the economy of Berlin in 2023 was finance, property and business services, at 31.8% of gross value added, followed by public administration, education, health and other services (30.5%).
Source: Eurostat · saved copyHow industrial is Berlin?
Factories, mines and energy produced 9.0% of the value added in Berlin in 2023, against 24.5% for Germany.
Source: Eurostat · saved copyHow fast is the economy of Berlin growing?
Gross value added rose from €115.4 billion in 2015 to €182.3 billion in 2023 in current prices, an increase of 58% before inflation.
Source: Eurostat · saved copyAre jobs growing in Berlin?
The number of people working in Berlin rose by 18.3% between 2015 and 2024, to 2,197,430.
Source: Eurostat · saved copyMore figures
- 67.1% of people aged 60 to 64 in Berlin were in work in 2025, 8th highest of 16 Länder (Germany: 67.5%). Source: Statistische Ämter des Bundes und der Länder (Arbeitskreis Nachhaltigkeitsindikatoren) · saved copy
- The employment rate of 20- to 64-year-olds with a migration background in Berlin was 70.1% in 2025, against 82.5% for those without one. Source: Statistische Ämter des Bundes und der Länder (Arbeitskreis Nachhaltigkeitsindikatoren) · saved copy
- Gross fixed capital investment in Berlin equalled 20.0% of GDP in 2023, 7th highest of 13 Länder with data (Germany: 21.2%). Source: Statistische Ämter des Bundes und der Länder (Arbeitskreis Nachhaltigkeitsindikatoren) · saved copy
- Berlin had 561 public charging points for electric cars per 100,000 cars in 2026, against 400 nationally. Source: Statistische Ämter des Bundes und der Länder (Arbeitskreis Nachhaltigkeitsindikatoren) · saved copy
- Real GDP per person in work in Berlin stood at 107.3 in 2025 on an index where 2015 equals 100, the highest of 13 Länder with data. Source: Statistische Ämter des Bundes und der Länder (Arbeitskreis Nachhaltigkeitsindikatoren) · saved copy
How Berlin compares with other states
Gender pay gap (unadjusted, % of men's hourly earnings) (2025)
Berlin ranks 11 of 16, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Gender pay gap (unadjusted, % of men's hourly earnings) |
|---|---|---|
| 8 | Bremen | 14% |
| 9 | Rhineland-Palatinate | 14% |
| 10 | Schleswig-Holstein | 12% |
| 11 | Berlin | 10% |
| 12 | Saxony | 6% |
| 13 | Thuringia | 5% |
| 14 | Brandenburg | 4% |
Employment rate, ages 60 to 64 (2025)
Berlin ranks 8 of 16, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Employment rate, ages 60 to 64 |
|---|---|---|
| 5 | Lower Saxony | 67.8% |
| 6 | Rhineland-Palatinate | 67.8% |
| 7 | Hesse | 67.3% |
| 8 | Berlin | 67.1% |
| 9 | Hamburg | 67.0% |
| 10 | Bremen | 66.1% |
| 11 | North Rhine-Westphalia | 65.1% |
Gross fixed capital formation as a share of GDP (2023)
Berlin ranks 7 of 13, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Gross fixed capital formation as a share of GDP |
|---|---|---|
| 4 | Rhineland-Palatinate | 22.4% |
| 5 | Baden-Württemberg | 22.2% |
| 6 | Saxony | 20.6% |
| 7 | Berlin | 20.0% |
| 8 | Hesse | 19.9% |
| 9 | Saxony-Anhalt | 19.8% |
| 10 | Thuringia | 19.0% |
Renewable share of electricity generation (2022)
Berlin ranks 15 of 15, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Renewable share of electricity generation |
|---|---|---|
| 9 | Brandenburg | 42.7% |
| 10 | Baden-Württemberg | 34.4% |
| 11 | Saarland | 27.6% |
| 12 | Hamburg | 22.6% |
| 13 | North Rhine-Westphalia | 17.7% |
| 14 | Saxony | 14.2% |
| 15 | Berlin | 6.2% |
Long-term unemployment (% of labour force) (2025)
Berlin ranks 2 of 13, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Long-term unemployment (% of labour force) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Saxony | 2.1% |
| 2 | Berlin | 2.0% |
| 3 | Saxony-Anhalt | 2.0% |
| 4 | Hamburg | 1.6% |
| 5 | Thuringia | 1.4% |
| 6 | Brandenburg | 1.3% |
| 7 | North Rhine-Westphalia | 1.2% |
Unemployment rate, women (2025)
Berlin ranks 1 of 14, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Unemployment rate, women |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Berlin | 5.9% |
| 2 | Hamburg | 4.6% |
| 3 | Saxony | 4.4% |
| 4 | Saxony-Anhalt | 4.2% |
| 5 | Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | 4.1% |
| 6 | North Rhine-Westphalia | 3.8% |
| 7 | Schleswig-Holstein | 3.7% |
Employment rate, women aged 20-64 (2025)
Berlin ranks 15 of 16, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Employment rate, women aged 20-64 |
|---|---|---|
| 10 | Schleswig-Holstein | 76.8% |
| 11 | Hesse | 76.4% |
| 12 | Hamburg | 76.2% |
| 13 | Saarland | 75.1% |
| 14 | North Rhine-Westphalia | 74.9% |
| 15 | Berlin | 73.6% |
| 16 | Bremen | 70.1% |
Real growth in gross value added (2024)
Berlin ranks 4 of 16, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Real growth in gross value added |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hamburg | 1.6% |
| 2 | Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | 1.1% |
| 3 | Schleswig-Holstein | 0.9% |
| 4 | Berlin | 0.6% |
| 5 | Hesse | 0.4% |
| 6 | Lower Saxony | 0.1% |
| 7 | North Rhine-Westphalia | -0.7% |
Passenger cars per 1,000 people (2024)
Berlin ranks 16 of 16, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Passenger cars per 1,000 people |
|---|---|---|
| 10 | Saxony-Anhalt | 573 |
| 11 | Thuringia | 568 |
| 12 | Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | 564 |
| 13 | Saxony | 542 |
| 14 | Hamburg | 435 |
| 15 | Bremen | 427 |
| 16 | Berlin | 334 |
Compensation per employee (euros) (2023)
Berlin ranks 5 of 16, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Compensation per employee (euros) |
|---|---|---|
| 2 | Hesse | €44,556 |
| 3 | Bavaria | €43,759 |
| 4 | Baden-Württemberg | €43,475 |
| 5 | Berlin | €43,313 |
| 6 | Bremen | €40,567 |
| 7 | North Rhine-Westphalia | €40,208 |
| 8 | Rhineland-Palatinate | €38,639 |
Nights spent in tourist accommodation (2025)
Berlin ranks 8 of 16, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Nights spent in tourist accommodation |
|---|---|---|
| 5 | Schleswig-Holstein | 34.8 million |
| 6 | Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | 30.0 million |
| 7 | Hesse | 29.3 million |
| 8 | Berlin | 29.2 million |
| 9 | Rhineland-Palatinate | 20.0 million |
| 10 | Saxony | 17.3 million |
| 11 | Hamburg | 16.4 million |
Share of output from industry (manufacturing, mining and energy) (2023)
Berlin ranks 16 of 16, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Share of output from industry (manufacturing, mining and energy) |
|---|---|---|
| 10 | Brandenburg | 22.4% |
| 11 | North Rhine-Westphalia | 22.0% |
| 12 | Schleswig-Holstein | 20.2% |
| 13 | Hesse | 18.5% |
| 14 | Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | 17.8% |
| 15 | Hamburg | 13.9% |
| 16 | Berlin | 9.0% |
Share of output from finance, property and business services (2023)
Berlin ranks 3 of 16, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Share of output from finance, property and business services |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hamburg | 33.0% |
| 2 | Hesse | 32.6% |
| 3 | Berlin | 31.8% |
| 4 | Bavaria | 26.6% |
| 5 | North Rhine-Westphalia | 26.2% |
| 6 | Bremen | 23.8% |
| 7 | Rhineland-Palatinate | 23.7% |
Share of output from public administration, education, health and other services (2023)
Berlin ranks 2 of 16, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Share of output from public administration, education, health and other services |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | 31.6% |
| 2 | Berlin | 30.5% |
| 3 | Thuringia | 29.8% |
| 4 | Saxony-Anhalt | 28.6% |
| 5 | Brandenburg | 28.2% |
| 6 | Saxony | 27.8% |
| 7 | Schleswig-Holstein | 26.3% |
More on Berlin: overview · health · education and schools · poverty and living standards · government budget · government and politics · Germany
Sources
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset nama_10r_2gdp: GDP per person (purchasing power standards), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 c21f724d14a6…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset nama_10r_2gdp: GDP per person (euros), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 537f99167955…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset nama_10r_2gdp: GDP (million euros), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 e3677c4e6d67…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset lfst_r_lfu3rt: Unemployment rate (age 15-74), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 13f5037ce93a…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset lfst_r_lfu3rt: Youth unemployment rate (age 15-24), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 83bb1aebc10b…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset lfst_r_lfe2emprt: Employment rate (age 20-64), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 03191283bf5f…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset rd_e_gerdreg: Research and development spending (% of GDP), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 36a9132b2284…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset lfst_r_lfu3rt: Unemployment rates by sex, age, educational attainment level and NUTS 2 region, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 ac151d8a46d5…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset lfst_r_lfe2emprt: Employment rates by sex, age and NUTS 2 region, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 51bfca80dc8b…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset tran_r_vehst: Stock of vehicles by category and NUTS 2 region, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 5adf37bcb393…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset nama_10r_2gvagr: Real growth rate of regional gross value added (GVA) at basic prices by NUTS 2 region, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 ba2c4bdc7c37…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset nama_10r_3empers: Employment (thousand persons) by NUTS 3 region and industry, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 222a97c302d3…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset nama_10r_3gva: Gross value added at basic prices by NUTS 3 region and industry, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 c656e8563bdf…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset nama_10r_2coe: Compensation of employees by NUTS 2 region and industry, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 895d7cc9e826…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset tour_occ_nin2: Nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments by NUTS 2 region, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 06f6a82909c0…)
- Statistische Ämter des Bundes und der Länder (Arbeitskreis Nachhaltigkeitsindikatoren): Nachhaltigkeitsindikatoren der Länder: Tabellenband mit kompletten Zeitreihen zu allen Indikatoren (October 2026 edition), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 5f3f1b692389…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset lfst_r_lfu2ltu: Long-term unemployment (12 months and more) by NUTS 2 region, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 3d5d17a32863…)
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