How much do social benefits reduce poverty in Goias?

Without government social benefits such as Bolsa Familia and the BPC, 20.7% of people in Goias would have been below the US$6.85 poverty line in 2024 and 4.8% below the US$2.15 extreme poverty line, against 15.9% and 1.6% with them (IBGE simulation removing benefit income).

Poverty and living standards in Goias, Brazil: official figures

15.9% of people in Goias lived on household income below the World Bank poverty line of US$6.85 a day (PPP 2017) in 2024, about 1.17 million people; 7th lowest of the 26 states and the Federal District (Brazil: 23.1%).

People below the poverty line (US$6.85 PPP a day)

15.9%

2024

People in extreme poverty (US$2.15 PPP a day)

1.6%

2024

Gini index of household income per person

0.462

2024

Is poverty falling in Goias?

The poverty rate in Goias was 27.3% in 2019 and 27.8% in 2012, so the 2024 figure of 15.9% is down 11.4 percentage points on 2019 (Brazil: 32.6% in 2019, 23.1% in 2024).

Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copy

How many people live in extreme poverty in Goias?

1.6% of people in Goias were in extreme poverty in 2024, living on less than US$2.15 a day (PPP 2017), about R$218 a month per person; 4th lowest of the 26 states and the Federal District (Brazil: 3.5%).

Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copy

How many people in Goias live on less than a quarter of the minimum wage?

4.3% of people in Goias lived in households with income of up to a quarter of the minimum wage per person (R$353 a month) in 2024, and a further 12.7% on between a quarter and half (R$704); the first share is 7th lowest of the 26 states and the Federal District (Brazil: 7.9%).

Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copy

How unequal is income in Goias?

The Gini index of household income per person in Goias was 0.462 in 2024 (0 means everyone has the same income, 1 that one person has all of it), 7th least unequal of the 26 states and the Federal District; Brazil's was 0.504. In 2019 Goias' index was 0.460.

Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copy

How much income do the richest 10% get in Goias?

The richest 10% of people in Goias received 36.7% of all household income in 2024 and the poorest 40% received 14.2%, a Palma ratio of 2.59 (Brazil: 3.31).

Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copy

More figures

Counting only income from work, pensions and other non-benefit sources, the Gini index in Goias would have been 0.489 in 2024 instead of 0.462 (Brazil: 0.542 instead of 0.504). Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copy

How Goias compares with other states

People below the US$6.85 a day poverty line (%) (2024)

Goias ranks 21 of 27, highest first. Household income per person below US$6.85 a day at 2017 purchasing power parity; PNAD Continua.

Rank	Region	People below the US$6.85 a day poverty line (%)
18	Rio de Janeiro	17.9%
19	Mato Grosso do Sul	17.5%
20	Minas Gerais	16.8%
21	Goias	15.9%
22	Distrito Federal	15.3%
23	Sao Paulo	14.0%
24	Parana	13.7%

Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copy

People in extreme poverty, below US$2.15 a day (%) (2024)

Goias ranks 24 of 27, highest first.

Rank	Region	People in extreme poverty, below US$2.15 a day (%)
21	Distrito Federal	1.7%
22	Rondonia	1.7%
23	Mato Grosso	1.6%
24	Goias	1.6%
25	Mato Grosso do Sul	1.6%
26	Rio Grande do Sul	1.4%
27	Santa Catarina	1.2%

Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copy

Poverty rate without government social benefits (%) (2024)

Goias ranks 21 of 27, highest first. IBGE simulation removing income from social programmes such as Bolsa Familia and BPC.

Rank	Region	Poverty rate without government social benefits (%)
18	Mato Grosso do Sul	23.2%
19	Rio de Janeiro	22.5%
20	Minas Gerais	21.9%
21	Goias	20.7%
22	Distrito Federal	19.6%
23	Parana	17.4%
24	Mato Grosso	17.2%

Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copy

Gini index of household income per person (2024)

Goias ranks 21 of 27, highest first. 0 = complete equality, 1 = complete inequality.

Rank	Region	Gini index of household income per person
18	Tocantins	0.477
19	Amazonas	0.474
20	Parana	0.473
21	Goias	0.462
22	Rio Grande do Sul	0.458
23	Mato Grosso do Sul	0.454
24	Minas Gerais	0.447

Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copy

People living on up to 1/4 minimum wage per person (%) (2024)

Goias ranks 21 of 27, highest first.

Rank	Region	People living on up to 1/4 minimum wage per person (%)
18	Minas Gerais	4.9%
19	Rondonia	4.8%
20	Distrito Federal	4.7%
21	Goias	4.3%
22	Mato Grosso do Sul	4.1%
23	Sao Paulo	3.8%
24	Parana	3.6%

Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) · saved copy

More on Goias: overview · economy and jobs · health · education and schools · government budget · Brazil

Sources

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE): Sintese de Indicadores Sociais 2025, chapter 2 tables (income distribution and poverty): Tables 2.1, 2.11, 2.13, 2.14, 2.15, 2.18, 2.20, 2.22, 2.23 (PNAD Continua 2024), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 e2084f0fca81…)

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