Greater London Authority: spending, reserves and debt
Greater London Authority is a Greater London Authority covering about 9,122,909 people across 33 member council areas.
Key figures
What the figures show
MHCLG's borrowing and investment table shows £4.75 billion of outstanding borrowing at 31 March 2026, against investments of £3.36 billion. At 31 March 2010 it had no outstanding borrowing. The latest quarter, to 30 June 2026, shows £4.63 billion.
Divided by the ONS mid-2025 population estimate of 9,122,909, borrowing comes to £520 per resident.
In 2025-26 Greater London Authority spent £8.07 billion on services, net of fees and service grants, and police accounted for 56% of it (£4.53 billion), MHCLG reports.
In cash terms the total was 4.0% higher than in 2024-25, and 66% higher than the £4.85 billion of 2017-18.
At 31 March 2026 the authority held £1.76 billion in unallocated and earmarked reserves (£510.0 million unallocated, £1.25 billion earmarked for set purposes), excluding schools and public health reserves. That is £33.5 million more than a year earlier (+2%). The peak in this series was £3.73 billion at 31 March 2022.
For 2026-27, this authority's Band D precept is £510.51, +4.1% on 2025-26 and 4.2 times the £122.98 of 2000-01. On the statutory proportions that means £340.34 in Band A and £1,021.02 in Band H.
Greater London Authority spending by service, 2025-26
| Service | Net spending, 2025-26 | Share of services that cost money | Per resident |
|---|---|---|---|
| Police | £4.53 billion | 56.2% | £496.86 |
| Highways and transport | £1.89 billion | 23.4% | £207.18 |
| Education | £586.9 million | 7.3% | £64.33 |
| Fire and rescue | £576.1 million | 7.1% | £63.15 |
| Planning and development | £151.0 million | 1.9% | £16.55 |
| Environment and regulation (including waste) | £117.7 million | 1.5% | £12.91 |
| Housing (not council housing) | £93.5 million | 1.2% | £10.25 |
| Central services | £74.7 million | 0.9% | £8.18 |
| Culture and leisure | £30.5 million | 0.4% | £3.35 |
| Children's social care | £8.6 million | 0.1% | £0.95 |
| Public health | £5.0 million | 0.1% | £0.54 |
| Total | £8.07 billion | £884.24 |
History
Greater London Authority: net spending by year
| Year | Net spending |
|---|---|
| 2017-18 | £4.85 billion |
| 2018-19 | £4.86 billion |
| 2019-20 | £5.23 billion |
| 2020-21 | £8.90 billion |
| 2021-22 | £7.00 billion |
| 2022-23 | £6.75 billion |
| 2023-24 | £7.08 billion |
| 2024-25 | £7.76 billion |
| 2025-26 | £8.07 billion |
Greater London Authority: reserves at 31 March
| Date | Reserves |
|---|---|
| 31 March 2018 | £1.86 billion |
| 31 March 2019 | £2.64 billion |
| 31 March 2020 | £2.85 billion |
| 31 March 2021 | £2.76 billion |
| 31 March 2022 | £3.73 billion |
| 31 March 2023 | £2.03 billion |
| 31 March 2024 | £2.01 billion |
| 31 March 2025 | £1.73 billion |
| 31 March 2026 | £1.76 billion |
Greater London Authority: borrowing and investments
| Date | Borrowing | Investments |
|---|---|---|
| 31 March 2010 | £0 | £47.3 million |
| 31 March 2011 | £833.1 million | £265.0 million |
| 31 March 2012 | £1.50 billion | £467.6 million |
| 31 March 2013 | £2.50 billion | £979.3 million |
| 31 March 2014 | £3.25 billion | £976.5 million |
| 31 March 2015 | £3.60 billion | £998.9 million |
| 31 March 2016 | £3.71 billion | £2.02 billion |
| 31 March 2017 | £3.72 billion | £2.10 billion |
| 31 March 2018 | £3.80 billion | £2.43 billion |
| 31 March 2019 | £4.26 billion | £3.10 billion |
| 31 March 2020 | £5.20 billion | £4.27 billion |
| 31 March 2021 | £5.15 billion | £4.63 billion |
| 31 March 2022 | £5.37 billion | £4.46 billion |
| 31 March 2023 | £5.33 billion | £3.36 billion |
| 31 March 2024 | £5.16 billion | £3.09 billion |
| 31 March 2025 | £5.00 billion | £3.23 billion |
| 31 March 2026 | £4.75 billion | £3.36 billion |
Greater London Authority: Band D by year
| Year | Band D |
|---|---|
| 2000-01 | £122.98 |
| 2001-02 | £150.88 |
| 2002-03 | £173.88 |
| 2003-04 | £224.40 |
| 2004-05 | £241.33 |
| 2005-06 | £254.62 |
| 2006-07 | £288.61 |
| 2007-08 | £303.88 |
| 2008-09 | £309.82 |
| 2009-10 | £309.82 |
| 2010-11 | £309.82 |
| 2011-12 | £309.82 |
| 2012-13 | £306.72 |
| 2013-14 | £303.00 |
| 2014-15 | £299.00 |
| 2015-16 | £295.00 |
| 2016-17 | £276.00 |
| 2017-18 | £280.02 |
| 2018-19 | £294.23 |
| 2019-20 | £320.51 |
| 2020-21 | £332.07 |
| 2021-22 | £363.66 |
| 2022-23 | £395.59 |
| 2023-24 | £434.14 |
| 2024-25 | £471.40 |
| 2025-26 | £490.38 |
| 2026-27 | £510.51 |
Greater London Authority figures as CSV · What each figure measures
Greater London Authority council tax bands, 2026-27
Worked out from Band D (£510.51) at the proportions in section 5 of the Local Government Finance Act 1992; this authority's share only.
| Band | Annual amount |
|---|---|
| Band A | £340.34 |
| Band B | £397.06 |
| Band C | £453.79 |
| Band D | £510.51 |
| Band E | £623.96 |
| Band F | £737.40 |
| Band G | £850.85 |
| Band H | £1,021.02 |
Councils above and below
- Councils in its area: Barking and Dagenham · Barnet · Bexley · Brent · Bromley · Camden · City of London · Croydon · Ealing · Enfield · Greenwich · Hackney · Hammersmith and Fulham · Haringey · Harrow · Havering · Hillingdon · Hounslow · Islington · Kensington and Chelsea · Kingston upon Thames · Lambeth · Lewisham · Merton · Newham · Redbridge · Richmond upon Thames · Southwark · Sutton · Tower Hamlets · Waltham Forest · Wandsworth · Westminster
Where Greater London Authority sits in the ladder of power
The bodies above Greater London Authority and the council areas it serves. How the ten levels work.
Level 3: Local councils
- Barking and Dagenham
- Barnet
- Bexley
- Brent
- Bromley
- Camden
- City of London
- Croydon
- Ealing
- Enfield
- Greenwich
- Hackney
And 21 more council areas.
Level 4: County councils, combined authorities and metro mayors
- Greater London Authority this page
Level 6: National government
- Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government the UK government department responsible in England
- UK government and Parliament
Level 7: Regional blocs and supranational bodies
- Council of Europe and the European Court of Human Rights (CoE / ECtHR) The UK Government says the United Kingdom was one of the Council of Europe's founding members.
Level 8: The UN and global treaty bodies
- United Nations (General Assembly and Security Council) The UN lists the United Kingdom as a member admitted on 24 October 1945.
- United Nations Security Council (UNSC) The UK is one of the five permanent members of the Security Council and holds the veto, according to the UN.
- NATO NATO lists the United Kingdom among its 12 founding members, which signed the North Atlantic Treaty in Washington, D.C.
- World Health Organization (WHO) WHO's list of member states includes the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
- World Trade Organization (WTO) The WTO says the United Kingdom has been a WTO member since 1 January 1995 and a member of GATT since 1 January 1948.
- Commonwealth of Nations The UK is one of the 56 members, one of three European members with Cyprus and Malta, and the Commonwealth Secretariat is headquartered at Marlborough House in London.
Level 9: The IMF, World Bank and global finance
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) The UK has been a member since 27 December 1945 and has a quota of SDR 20,155.1 million (IMF country page for the United Kingdom).
- World Bank Group (WBG) The UK holds 3.75% of voting power in the IBRD (data as of 30 June 2026) and 6.92% in IDA (as of 30 June 2026), according to the World Bank's voting tables.
Level 10: G7, G20, Davos and global forums
Sources
MHCLG revenue outturn · MHCLG borrowing and investment table · MHCLG Band D table · ONS population, mid-2025. Read 15 October 2026; file fingerprints (SHA-256) are listed on the council money page.
More on Greater London Authority
Figures checked 15 October 2026. Link moved or figure out of date? Tell us.