Northern Mindanao (Region X): economy, jobs, health, schools, poverty and local government budgets
Northern Mindanao (Region X) is a region of the Philippines, number 9 of 17 by population. The 2024 census counted 5,178,326 people in Northern Mindanao, 4.6% of the 112,729,484 people in the Philippines; it ranks 9th largest of 17 regions by population.
In depth
- Economy, jobs and prices in Northern Mindanao (Region X): The economy of Northern Mindanao produced ₱1.34 trillion of goods and services in 2025 (gross regional domestic product, GRDP, at current prices), 4.8% of the Philippine total of ₱28.01 trillion; by size it ranks 6th largest of 17 regions.
- Health in Northern Mindanao (Region X): In the five years before the 2022 National Demographic and Health Survey, 12 in every 1,000 babies born in Northern Mindanao died before their first birthday and 19 in every 1,000 died before age five; the national figures are 22 and 26. It ranks joint 5th lowest of 17 regions for infant deaths. Regional survey estimates carry a margin of error.
- Education in Northern Mindanao (Region X): The median person aged 6 or over in Northern Mindanao had 7.7 years of schooling in the 2022 National Demographic and Health Survey (national: 8.8 years); it ranks 5th lowest of 17 regions.
- Poverty and living standards in Northern Mindanao (Region X): 18.4% of families in Northern Mindanao lived below the poverty line in 2023 (official poverty statistics), against 10.9% of families nationally; it ranks 5th highest of 17 regions for poverty.
- Government budget and revenue in Northern Mindanao (Region X): Local governments in Northern Mindanao had a combined current operating income of ₱52.7 billion in 2024 (final Statement of Receipts and Expenditures), 4.7% of the ₱1.13 trillion for all local governments; it ranks 7th largest of 17 regions by income.
How fast is the population of Northern Mindanao growing?
The population of Northern Mindanao grew from 5,022,768 at the May 2020 census to 5,178,326 at the 2024 census, a rise of 3.1%; for the whole country the rise was 3.4%.
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority · saved copyWhat is the population density of Northern Mindanao?
At the 2020 census Northern Mindanao had 246 people per square kilometre, against 363 for the Philippines as a whole; it ranks 9th most densely populated of 17 regions.
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority · saved copyWhat is the fertility rate in Northern Mindanao?
At the birth rates of 2022 a woman in Northern Mindanao would have 2.1 children over her lifetime (total fertility rate, National Demographic and Health Survey), against 1.9 nationally; it ranks joint 8th highest of 17 regions.
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority and ICF (The DHS Program) · saved copyHow regions are governed in the Philippines
Autonomous region: BARMM (Bangsamoro). Bangsamoro Transition Authority (80 members appointed by the President) pending the first parliamentary election; a Chief Minister leads the government. Own laws on many matters, including Shari'ah courts for Muslims, under the Bangsamoro Organic Law (2018).
Every tier of government in the Philippines
Other regions of the Philippines
- CALABARZON (Region IV-A) 16,933,234
- National Capital Region (NCR) 14,001,751
- Central Luzon (Region III) 12,989,074
- Central Visayas (Region VII) 6,640,875
- Bicol Region (Region V) 6,064,426
- Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM) 5,691,583
- Davao Region (Region XI) 5,389,422
- Ilocos Region (Region I) 5,342,453
- Western Visayas (Region VI) 4,861,911
- Eastern Visayas (Region VIII) 4,625,929
- SOCCSKSARGEN (Region XII) 4,462,776
- Zamboanga Peninsula (Region IX) 3,943,837
- Cagayan Valley (Region II) 3,777,608
- MIMAROPA Region (Region IV-B) 3,245,446
- Caraga (Region XIII) 2,865,196
- Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) 1,808,985
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Sources
- Bureau of Local Government Finance, Department of Finance: Statement of Receipts and Expenditures (SRE) by Region, FY 2024 (Final), from the Local Finance Time Series Data, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 09b48864ffcb…)
- Philippine Statistics Authority and ICF (The DHS Program): 2022 Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey: selected national and regional indicators (DHS Program API), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 401a0e9d6912…)
- Philippine Statistics Authority: Gross Regional Domestic Product at Current Prices, by Region, Major Industry: 2018 to 2025 (OpenStat table 0052B5BGRP0, CSV export; values in thousand pesos), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 0424b0ab102c…)
- Philippine Statistics Authority: Philippine Statistical Yearbook, Table 11.1: Total Population 15 Years Old and Over by Employment Status and Region, 2014 to 2023 (Labor Force Survey; OpenStat table, CSV export), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 a991f0e2dc46…)
- Philippine Statistics Authority: Philippine Statistical Yearbook, Table 1.1: Population, Land Area, Density by Region and Province, census years 2000 to 2024 (OpenStat table, CSV export), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 e1774f27f8ae…)
- Philippine Statistics Authority: Official poverty statistics, Table 1: Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold and Poverty Incidence Among Families with Measures of Precision, by Region and Province: 2018, 2021 and 2023 (OpenStat table 0011F3DF010, CSV export), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 5a5a465011bf…)
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