Mozambique: public finances

What is Mozambique's public debt?

Mozambique's general government gross debt was 90.3% of GDP in 2025 and is projected at 91.0% in 2026, according to the IMF World Economic Outlook.

Banco de Moçambique's September 2026 communiqué reports domestic public debt, excluding loan and lease agreements and overdue liabilities, of MZN 546.5 billion, MZN 71.9 billion more than in December 2025. It says arrears on domestic and external public debt persist. The Ministry of Economy and Finance publishes debt reports, but its website returned an access error on 15 October 2026.

Official sources: IMF DataMapper: Gross debt, Mozambique · Banco de Moçambique: Monetary policy communiqué No. 5/2026 (PDF)

What is Mozambique's budget deficit?

Mozambique's general government deficit was 5.1% of GDP in 2025, according to the IMF World Economic Outlook, which projects 3.3% for 2026. The deficit was 6.2% in 2024.

The IMF measure is net lending or borrowing of general government. The State Budget law and the quarterly budget execution reports are published by the Ministry of Economy and Finance, whose site returned an access error when checked on 15 October 2026. The central bank's communiqué calls for fiscal consolidation measures alongside monetary policy.

Official sources: IMF DataMapper: Net lending/borrowing, Mozambique · Ministry of Economy and Finance

Where is Mozambique's 2026 State Budget published?

Mozambique's State Budget (Orçamento do Estado) for 2026 is approved by the Assembleia da República and published, with the budget execution reports and the citizen's budget, by the Ministry of Economy and Finance.

The ministry's site returned an access error on 15 October 2026, so the budget totals could not be read for this answer. For comparable figures on revenue, spending and the deficit, the IMF World Economic Outlook publishes general government series for Mozambique.

Official sources: Assembleia da República · Ministry of Economy and Finance

What is Mozambique's debt to GDP ratio?

The latest figure from the IMF, for 2025, is 90.3% of GDP. Its high point since 2005 was 2016, at 124.8% of GDP; its low point was 2007, at 31.2% of GDP. It is 7th highest of 46 in Sub-Saharan Africa, where the median is 53.0% of GDP. Worldwide: 30th of 185.

What is Mozambique's budget deficit?

The IMF puts general government net lending or borrowing in Mozambique at -5.1% of GDP in 2025 (a deficit). The peak was 1.7% of GDP in 2019 and the low -9.8% of GDP in 2014. Across Sub-Saharan Africa the middle value was -3.0% of GDP, and Mozambique placed 36th highest of 47. World rank, highest first: 146th of 188.

What is Mozambique's government revenue?

The latest figure from the IMF, for 2025, is 25.7% of GDP. Since 2005 it has ranged from 14.9% of GDP (2005) to 30.0% of GDP (2014). Sub-Saharan Africa median: 18.4% of GDP; Mozambique is 9th highest of 47. Worldwide: 101st of 187.

How much does Mozambique's government spend?

The latest figure from the IMF, for 2025, is 30.9% of GDP. Since 2005 it has ranged from 17.0% of GDP (2005) to 39.7% of GDP (2014). Across Sub-Saharan Africa the middle value was 20.8% of GDP, and Mozambique placed 8th highest of 46. World rank, highest first: 92nd of 186.

What is Mozambique's tax to GDP ratio?

In 2024, central government tax revenue in Mozambique was 21.8% of GDP, according to the IMF. Since 2010 it has ranged from 14.3% of GDP (2010) to 26.7% of GDP (2019). Sub-Saharan Africa median: 14.1% of GDP; Mozambique is 4th highest of 16. Of 92 countries with 2024 data, 29th highest.

What is Mozambique's defence spending?

According to SIPRI, military spending in Mozambique was 1.9% of GDP in 2025. The peak was 2.2% of GDP in 2022 and the low 0.6% of GDP in 2006. Across Sub-Saharan Africa the middle value was 1.3% of GDP, and Mozambique placed 14th highest of 44. Worldwide: 69th of 149.