Mongolia: cost of living

What is the poverty rate in Mongolia?

27.1% of Mongolia's population lived below the national poverty line in 2022, according to the NSO poverty indicators table, based on the Household Socio-Economic Survey. The rate was 23.0% in urban areas, 35.6% in rural areas and 21.6% in Ulaanbaatar.

The poverty headcount is the share of people whose consumption is below the poverty line. 2022 is the latest year in the table. Poverty is measured from consumption, not income.

Official sources: NSO: Poverty main indicators, by region and location, 2022

What is the minimum subsistence level in Mongolia?

The minimum subsistence level in Ulaanbaatar is 543,700 togrogs per person per month in 2026, up from 495,400 togrogs in 2025, according to the NSO minimum subsistence level table. It ranges from 519,200 togrogs in the eastern region to 538,700 togrogs in the western region.

The minimum subsistence level is the money value of a minimum consumption basket of food and non-food items. It is set separately for each region and for Ulaanbaatar. It is not the same as the poverty line used to measure poverty.

Official sources: NSO: Minimum subsistence level of population, per capita per month

What is the average household income in Mongolia?

The average Mongolian household had a total monthly income of 3,046,637 togrogs in 2025, up from 2,572,619 togrogs in 2024, according to the NSO household income table. Wages and salaries made up 1,674,053 togrogs. Urban households averaged 3,286,767 togrogs and rural households 2,521,581 togrogs.

The figures come from the Household Socio-Economic Survey. Total income includes money income, goods and services received free of charge and food from the household's own farming. Expenditure per household is published in a matching table.

Official sources: NSO: Monthly average income per household, by location

What is Mongolia's inflation rate?

In 2025, consumer price inflation in Mongolia was 8.6%, according to the IMF. Since 2005 it has ranged from 0.7% (2016) to 28.0% (2008). East Asia & Pacific median: 2.2%; Mongolia is 1st highest of 24. Of 165 countries with 2025 data, 21st highest.

How much do people in Mongolia spend?

The latest figure from the World Bank, for 2025, is $3,561. No year since 2010 has been higher. East Asia & Pacific median: $3,794; Mongolia is 7th highest of 12. World rank, highest first: 70th of 124.

What is the extreme poverty rate in Mongolia?

According to the World Bank, the share of people living on less than $3.00 a day in Mongolia was 0.4% in 2022. That is the lowest since at least 2007. East Asia & Pacific median: 0.4%; Mongolia is 3rd highest of 5. World rank, highest first: 48th of 72.

What share of Mongolia lives below the poverty line?

According to the World Bank, the share of people below the national poverty line in Mongolia was 27.1% in 2022. World rank, highest first: 16th of 52.

What is income inequality in Mongolia?

The latest figure from the World Bank, for 2022, is 31.4. No year since 2007 has been lower. East Asia & Pacific median: 35.5; Mongolia is 5th highest of 5. World rank, highest first: 51st of 72.

What is food insecurity in Mongolia?

The latest figure from the FAO, for 2024, is 4.7%. That is the lowest since at least 2019. It is 15th highest of 17 in East Asia & Pacific, where the median is 15.4%. Worldwide: 122nd of 135.