Dominica: public finances

What is Dominica's debt to GDP ratio?

Dominica's public sector debt was EC$1,957.2 million at the end of 2025, equal to 98.2% of GDP, up from 92.1% in 2024, according to the Eastern Caribbean Central Bank's Economic and Financial Review (2025 update) for Dominica, using Ministry of Finance data. The amount of debt rose by about EC$244 million in the year, reflecting borrowing to support the government's development agenda.

The ratio was slightly below the 99.3% the bank projected in December 2025, because the economy grew faster than expected. It is above the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union's regional target of 60% of GDP, set for 2035. The bank notes that a primary balance target of 2.0% of GDP under the Fiscal Responsibility Act becomes operational in 2026/27.

Official sources: ECCB: Dominica Economic and Financial Review, 2025 update (PDF)

How much does Dominica earn from citizenship by investment?

Citizenship by investment (CBI) brought Dominica's government revenue equal to 35.0% of GDP in 2025, down from 46.1% in 2024, according to the Eastern Caribbean Central Bank's Economic and Financial Review (2025 update) for Dominica. Tax revenue was 23.1% of GDP, so CBI receipts were larger than all taxes combined.

Lower CBI inflows helped turn an overall budget surplus of 5.3% of GDP in 2024 into a deficit of 4.0% of GDP (EC$79.3 million) in 2025. Capital spending remained high, at 34.8% of GDP, and current spending rose to 32.0% of GDP, partly because of public sector pay adjustments. The CBI share of GDP has ranged from 10.4% in 2019 to 46.1% in 2024.

Official sources: ECCB: Dominica Economic and Financial Review, 2025 update (PDF)

What is Dominica's government debt?

In 2025, general government gross debt in Dominica was 99.9% of GDP, according to the IMF. The peak was 118.4% of GDP in 2020 and the low 62.5% of GDP in 2009. Across Latin America & Caribbean the middle value was 65.6% of GDP, and Dominica placed 2nd highest of 31. Worldwide: 23rd of 185.

Does Dominica's government borrow more than it raises?

The IMF puts general government net lending or borrowing in Dominica at -0.5% of GDP in 2025, which is a deficit. Since 2005 it has ranged from -17.2% of GDP (2018) to 11.6% of GDP (2016). Latin America & Caribbean median: -2.8% of GDP; Dominica is 6th highest of 32. Of 188 countries with 2025 data, 45th highest.

How much does Dominica's government take in?

According to the IMF, general government revenue in Dominica was 57.3% of GDP in 2025. Its high point since 2005 was 2022, at 62.5% of GDP; its low point was 2014, at 27.2% of GDP. It is 1st highest of 32 in Latin America & Caribbean, where the median is 24.9% of GDP. Worldwide: 9th of 187.

What is Dominica's government spending?

57.8% of GDP: that is general government spending in Dominica for 2025, according to the IMF. Since 2005 it has ranged from 29.7% of GDP (2006) to 69.7% of GDP (2022). It is 1st highest of 32 in Latin America & Caribbean, where the median is 26.7% of GDP. Worldwide: 9th of 186.