Armenia: environment

How much air pollution does Armenia emit?

Armenia emitted 308.5 thousand tonnes of air pollutants in 2024, according to Armstat's air emissions table, 2.4% less than in 2023. People in Armenia were exposed to an average PM2.5 concentration of 28.6 micrograms per cubic metre in 2023, according to the World Bank.

The Armstat total covers pollutants from stationary sources and road transport, which it publishes in separate stationary and transport tables. PM2.5 refers to fine particles 2.5 micrometres across or smaller.

Official sources: Armstat: Emission of air pollutants, total · Armstat: Emissions from stationary sources · Armstat: Emissions from road transport · World Bank API: PM2.5 mean annual exposure, Armenia

What are Armenia's greenhouse gas emissions?

Armenia emitted 10.8 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent in 2024, excluding land use and forestry, according to the World Bank.

The total covers the six Kyoto Protocol gases from the energy, industry, waste and agriculture sectors, converted to CO2 equivalents. Land use and forestry are excluded because those fluxes have larger uncertainties. The World Bank takes the figures from the EDGAR database of the European Commission's Joint Research Centre. Dividing the total by the population gives emissions per person.

Official sources: World Bank API: Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF, Armenia

How much of Armenia's electricity is renewable?

Renewable sources produced 30.0% of Armenia's electricity in 2021, according to the World Bank. Armenia produced 7,027.0 million kWh of electricity in January to August 2026, 8.0% more than a year earlier, according to Armstat's electricity production table.

The renewable share includes hydropower, solar and other renewable sources, as a share of all electricity generated in the country. The World Bank series ends in 2021, so it does not show solar capacity added since then.

Official sources: World Bank API: Renewable electricity output, Armenia · Armstat: Electricity production

How much CO2 does Armenia emit per person?

The latest figure from the European Commission's EDGAR database, for 2024, is 2.5 tonnes. Since 2005 it has ranged from 1.4 tonnes (2010) to 2.6 tonnes (2022). It is 43rd highest of 46 in Europe & Central Asia, where the median is 5.1 tonnes. Of 186 countries with 2024 data, 96th highest.

What are Armenia's total greenhouse gas emissions?

According to the European Commission's EDGAR database, total greenhouse gas emissions in Armenia was 10.8 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent in 2024. Its high point since 2005 was 2022, at 11.2 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent; its low point was 2010, at 7.1 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent. Across Europe & Central Asia the middle value was 53.5 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent, and Armenia placed 41st highest of 46. World rank, highest first: 137th of 186.

How much of Armenia's energy is renewable?

In 2021, the renewable share of final energy use in Armenia was 9.1%, according to the IEA, IRENA, the UN Statistics Division, the World Bank and the WHO. The peak was 13.2% in 2016 and the low 6.4% in 2008. Europe & Central Asia median: 20.4%; Armenia is 43rd highest of 50. Of 191 countries with 2021 data, 146th highest.

What share of Armenia is covered by forest?

The latest figure from the FAO, for 2024, is 11.8%. That is the highest since at least 2005. It is 43rd highest of 51 in Europe & Central Asia, where the median is 33.2%. World rank, highest first: 149th of 190.

What is air pollution like in Armenia?

The Global Burden of Disease study puts average exposure to fine particle air pollution (PM2.5) in Armenia at 28.6 micrograms per cubic metre in 2023. Its high point since 2005 was 2010, at 32.0 micrograms per cubic metre; its low point was 2016, at 25.4 micrograms per cubic metre. Europe & Central Asia median: 13.0 micrograms per cubic metre; Armenia is 4th highest of 51. Worldwide: 52nd of 192.

How much of Armenia's land is protected?

In 2025, the share of land in protected areas in Armenia was 38.9%, according to the UN Environment Programme. It is the top of the series, which starts in 2013. Across Europe & Central Asia the middle value was 22.1%, and Armenia placed 7th highest of 51. Worldwide: 16th of 192.

Is Armenia short of water?

The FAO puts water stress in Armenia at 62.0% in 2022. The peak was 66.0% in 2015 and the low 42.9% in 2010. Europe & Central Asia median: 12.6%; Armenia is 4th highest of 47. World rank, highest first: 27th of 175.