Baucau: population, schools, health, poverty and budgets

Baucau is a municipality of Timor-Leste, number 3 of 15 by population. Baucau had 134,878 residents at the 5 October 2022 census, 3rd largest of 14 municipalities by population and 10.1% of the 1,341,737 people counted in Timor-Leste.

In depth

• Economy, jobs and prices in Baucau: The 2022 census counted 27,693 conventional dwellings in Baucau: 25,536 occupied and 2,151 vacant.
• Health in Baucau: In the 2016 Demographic and Health Survey, 51.9% of births in the five years before the survey in Baucau took place in a health facility. It ranks as the 4th highest of 13 municipalities, against 48.5% for Timor-Leste as a whole.
• Education in Baucau: In Baucau, 85.2% of children aged 6 to 14 were attending school at the 2022 census. It ranks as the 5th highest of 14 municipalities, against 81.9% for Timor-Leste as a whole.
• Poverty and living standards in Baucau: The Survey of Living Standards 2014 found that 32.6% of people in Baucau lived below the national poverty line (figures are from 2014). It ranks as the 3rd lowest of 13 districts, against 41.8% for Timor-Leste as a whole.
• Government budget and revenue in Baucau: The Ministry of Finance Citizens' Budget lists US$12,437,747 for the municipal administration of Baucau in the proposed 2025 General State Budget, making it the 3rd largest of 13 municipal budgets, and 10.1% of the US$123,623,927 for all municipalities.

How municipalitys are governed in Timor-Leste

Municipalities (12), the Special Administrative Region of Oe-Cusse Ambeno, and Ataúro (separated from Díli in 2022). Municipal administrators appointed by the government; Oe-Cusse has an appointed Authority. Deconcentrated administration of services; no elected municipal assembly yet.

Every tier of government in Timor-Leste

Other municipalities of Timor-Leste

• Dili 324,738
• Ermera 137,750
• Bobonaro 106,639
• Liquiçá 83,658
• Oecusse 80,685
• Viqueque 80,176
• Oecussi 75,000
• Cova Lima 73,933
• Ainaro 73,115
• Lautém 70,022
• Manufahi 60,665
• Aileu 54,324
• Manatuto 50,859
• Atauro 10,295

Up a level: Timor-Leste · government and power in Timor-Leste

Sources

• Ministry of Finance of Timor-Leste: Citizens' Budget 2025 (Orsamentu ba Sidadaun 2025): municipal budgets 2023-2025 and the RAEOA budget, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 e7a0dab1c6fd…)
• National Statistics Institute of Timor-Leste (INETL, I.P.): Timor-Leste Population and Housing Census 2022, Main Report (Tables 4.3, 4.11, 4.12, 4.18, 4.20, 4.22), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 bd4177c7b2b0…)
• General Directorate of Statistics and Ministry of Health of Timor-Leste, with ICF (DHS Program): Timor-Leste Demographic and Health Survey 2016, Final Report (municipality tables), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 5b18945332c9…)
• Ministry of Finance and General Directorate of Statistics of Timor-Leste (now INETL), with the World Bank: Poverty in Timor-Leste 2014 (Table 7: poverty indices and real per capita consumption by district, from the Timor-Leste Survey of Living Standards 2014), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 45e32bc95da5…)
• National Statistics Institute of Timor-Leste (INETL, I.P.), from Ministry of Education EMIS, Ministry of Health HIMS and the Agriculture Census 2019: Timor-Leste in Numbers 2023 (schools, health facilities and staff, agriculture census tables by municipality), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 b424ff847790…)

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