10 answers, 3 from Romania's own official bodies, with a link to each figure.
76.9% of candidates passed Romania's 2026 Baccalaureate in the first session, after appeals, up from 74.8% before appeals, according to the Ministry of Education and Research's final results summary. 97,020 candidates passed, including 92,502 from the current year's graduates, whose pass rate was 81.6%.
Candidates from earlier years had a pass rate of 35.1%. 70 candidates scored an average of 10. A second session is held in August for those who failed or missed the first, and its results are published separately.
Romanian 15-year-olds scored an average of 425 points in science, 419 in mathematics and 413 in reading in PISA 2025, below the OECD averages, according to the Ministry of Education and Research's PISA 2025 summary. 7,725 pupils from 322 schools took part.
Results in science and mathematics were close to 2022, while reading fell by 16 points. The ministry reports that 48% of pupils reached the minimum proficiency level in mathematics and 52% in reading. PISA is run by the OECD every few years.
15.5% of 18 to 24-year-olds in Romania had left education and training early in 2025, down from 16.8% in 2024, according to Eurostat's early leavers table. The EU average was 9.1%.
Early leavers are people aged 18 to 24 who have at most lower secondary education and are not in education or training. The figures come from the labour force survey.
The figures below use one definition for every country, so they can differ from national figures.
The latest figure from the UNESCO Institute for Statistics, for 2017, is 82.2%. That is the lowest since at least 2005. Across Europe & Central Asia the middle value was 95.7%, and Romania placed 45th highest of 45. Worldwide: 118th of 134.
According to the UNESCO Institute for Statistics, gross secondary school enrolment in Romania was 81.6% in 2023. The peak was 103.4% in 2009 and the low 81.1% in 2005. Europe & Central Asia median: 102.3%; Romania is 47th highest of 48. Worldwide: 103rd of 138.
In 2023, gross tertiary enrolment in Romania was 55.2%, according to the UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Since 2005 it has ranged from 45.5% (2005) to 81.5% (2009). Europe & Central Asia median: 75.9%; Romania is 38th highest of 49. Worldwide: 57th of 120.
The UNESCO Institute for Statistics puts the adult literacy rate in Romania at 99.2% in 2021. That compares with 98.6% in 2011. Across Europe & Central Asia the middle value was 99.8%, and Romania placed 5th highest of 6. Worldwide: 6th of 43.
In 2022, government spending on education in Romania was 3.3% of GDP, according to the UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Since 2005 it has ranged from 2.8% of GDP (2012) to 4.3% of GDP (2006). Across Europe & Central Asia the middle value was 4.5% of GDP, and Romania placed 36th highest of 45. Of 155 countries with 2022 data, 106th highest.
The latest figure from the UNESCO Institute for Statistics, for 2017, is 19. No year since 2005 has been higher. Europe & Central Asia median: 13; Romania is 6th highest of 39. Worldwide: 62nd of 130.
The latest figure from the UNESCO Institute for Statistics, for 2023, is 81.0%. No year since 2005 has been lower. It is 40th highest of 42 in Europe & Central Asia, where the median is 97.9%. World rank, highest first: 107th of 131.
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