Romania: economy

Is Romania's economy growing?

Romania's GDP was 1.9% smaller in the second quarter of 2026 than a year earlier, adjusted for prices and seasonal effects, according to Eurostat's quarterly GDP table, based on data from the National Institute of Statistics. GDP had also fallen 1.4% in the first quarter and 1.2% in the fourth quarter of 2025.

Compared with the previous quarter, output was flat (0.0%) in the second quarter of 2026 after a fall of 0.1% in the first. Quarterly GDP is revised as more data arrive.

Official sources: quarterly GDP table

What is the inflation rate in Romania?

Romania's annual inflation, measured by the harmonised index of consumer prices (HICP), was 6.3% in August 2026, down from 9.2% in June and 8.2% in July, according to Eurostat's HICP monthly data. The EU average was 3.2%.

Annual rates compare prices with the same month a year earlier, so large price rises in summer 2025 dropping out of the comparison pull the annual rate down. The National Institute of Statistics also publishes a national consumer price index (IPC), which uses different weights and can differ slightly from the HICP.

Official sources: HICP monthly data

What are interest rates in Romania?

Romania's three-month interbank interest rate averaged 5.72% in September 2026, according to Eurostat's money market interest rates. The yield on 10-year government bonds used for EU convergence was 6.71%, up from 5.98% in June.

The three-month rate tracks ROBOR, which is used to price many variable-rate loans in lei. The National Bank of Romania sets the monetary policy rate and publishes its decisions and press releases on its website; its rate pages could not be read in full when checked on 15 October 2026, so the policy rate is not stated here.

Official sources: money market interest rates · website

What is Romania's current account deficit?

Romania's current account deficit averaged 7.4% of GDP over the three years to 2025, according to Eurostat's macroeconomic imbalance indicators table, down from 8.1% over 2022 to 2024. The National Bank of Romania compiles the balance of payments and publishes monthly figures on its website.

The current account adds the trade balance in goods and services to income flows such as profits paid abroad and workers' remittances. The three-year average is the measure the EU uses in its macroeconomic imbalance procedure.

Official sources: macroeconomic imbalance indicators table · website

What is Romania's economic growth rate?

0.7%: that is real GDP growth in Romania for 2025, according to the World Bank. Its high point since 2005 was 2008, at 9.3%; its low point was 2009, at -5.5%. Across Europe & Central Asia the middle value was 2.1%, and Romania placed 42nd highest of 49. Worldwide: 159th of 180.

How rich is Romania per person?

The latest figure from the World Bank, for 2025, is $22,538. No year since 2005 has been higher. Across Europe & Central Asia the middle value was $28,420, and Romania placed 30th highest of 49. World rank, highest first: 49th of 180.

How does Romania's income per person compare after prices?

$50,895 in international dollars: that is GDP per person at purchasing power parity in Romania for 2025, according to the World Bank. No year since 2005 has been higher. Europe & Central Asia median: $50,946 in international dollars; Romania is 26th highest of 49. World rank, highest first: 41st of 179.

How big are Romania's exports?

35.5% of GDP: that is exports of goods and services in Romania for 2025, according to the World Bank. Its high point since 2005 was 2022, at 43.5% of GDP; its low point was 2005, at 24.5% of GDP. Across Europe & Central Asia the middle value was 47.7% of GDP, and Romania placed 36th highest of 46. World rank, highest first: 67th of 133.

Does Romania earn more abroad than it spends?

In 2025, the current account balance in Romania was -7.9% of GDP, according to the IMF, a deficit. The peak was -0.3% of GDP in 2014 and the low -13.7% of GDP in 2007. Across Europe & Central Asia the middle value was -0.3% of GDP, and Romania placed 43rd highest of 47. World rank, highest first: 113th of 132.

What is FDI in Romania?

In 2025, net inflows of foreign direct investment in Romania was 2.2% of GDP, according to the IMF. Its high point since 2005 was 2006, at 9.0% of GDP; its low point was 2011, at 1.2% of GDP. Across Europe & Central Asia the middle value was 1.9% of GDP, and Romania placed 23rd highest of 49. Worldwide: 86th of 179.

What are bank lending rates in Romania?

8.5%: that is the average bank lending rate in Romania for 2025, according to the IMF. Its high point since 2005 was 2005, at 19.6%; its low point was 2017, at 5.6%. Europe & Central Asia median: 8.0%; Romania is 8th highest of 17. World rank, highest first: 39th of 73.