Poland: economy

What is Poland's GDP growth rate?

Poland's GDP grew by 3.9% in real terms in the second quarter of 2026 compared with the same quarter of 2025, according to the preliminary estimate for Q2 2026 published by Statistics Poland (GUS). Adjusted for seasonal effects, GDP grew 1.0% on the previous quarter and 3.8% year on year.

The unadjusted year-on-year figure is the one GUS puts first; the seasonally adjusted quarter-on-quarter figure shows momentum within the year. Preliminary estimates are revised when fuller quarterly data arrive. For a forward view, the IMF World Economic Outlook projects growth of 3.4% for 2026, after 3.7% in 2025.

Official sources: GUS: GDP in Q2 2026, preliminary estimate · IMF DataMapper: Real GDP growth, Poland

What is the inflation rate in Poland?

Consumer prices in Poland were 4.1% higher in September 2026 than a year earlier, according to the CPI release for September 2026 from Statistics Poland. Prices rose 0.7% over the month. Services prices were up 5.3% on the year and goods prices 3.6%.

This is the national CPI, which GUS weights on household spending. The European Union's harmonised index (HICP) for Poland can differ slightly because its weights and coverage differ. Narodowy Bank Polski publishes its own inflation projections in its Inflation Report.

Official sources: GUS: Consumer price indices in September 2026 · Narodowy Bank Polski

What is the interest rate in Poland?

Narodowy Bank Polski's reference rate is 3.75%, in force since 5 March 2026, according to the NBP interest rates page and its published rates file. The lombard rate is 4.25%. The rates are set by the Monetary Policy Council.

The reference rate determines the return on NBP's main open-market operations and sets the floor for short-term money-market rates, which in turn feed into the variable rates on most Polish mortgages and business loans. The lombard rate is the ceiling at which banks can borrow overnight from the central bank. The Council meets monthly and publishes a statement after each decision on the NBP site.

Official sources: NBP: Interest rates · NBP: Interest rates file (XML)

What is Poland's trade balance?

Poland recorded a goods trade deficit of PLN 27.9 billion in January to August 2026, according to preliminary foreign trade data from Statistics Poland. Exports were PLN 1,093.0 billion, up 7.0% on a year earlier, and imports PLN 1,120.9 billion, up 7.5%. In euros, exports were EUR 257.3 billion and imports EUR 263.8 billion.

These figures cover goods only and are compiled from customs and intrastat declarations. Trade in services, where Poland records a surplus, is not included; it appears in the balance of payments published by Narodowy Bank Polski. Preliminary monthly trade data are revised later.

Official sources: GUS: Foreign trade turnover, January-August 2026 · Narodowy Bank Polski

What is Poland's GDP per capita?

Poland's GDP per capita was about USD 28,420 in 2025 at current prices, according to the World Bank's World Development Indicators, up from about USD 25,100 in 2024.

The World Bank converts GDP in zloty to dollars at market exchange rates, so the figure moves with the zloty as well as with output. Comparisons of living standards across countries usually use purchasing power parity figures instead, which the World Bank also publishes. Statistics Poland publishes GDP in zloty in its quarterly national accounts; dividing by the population of 37.3 million gives the national per-person figure.

Official sources: World Bank: GDP per capita, Poland · GUS: GDP in Q2 2026

Is Poland's economy growing?

In 2025, real GDP growth in Poland was 3.6%, according to the World Bank. Since 2005 it has ranged from -2.0% (2020) to 6.9% (2021). It is 13th highest of 49 in Europe & Central Asia, where the median is 2.1%. Worldwide: 83rd of 180.

What is GDP per capita in Poland?

According to the World Bank, GDP per person in Poland was $28,420 in 2025. No year since 2005 has been higher. It is 25th highest of 49 in Europe & Central Asia, where the median is $28,420. World rank, highest first: 40th of 180.

How does Poland's income per person compare after prices?

In 2025, GDP per person at purchasing power parity in Poland was $54,262 in international dollars, according to the World Bank. No year since 2005 has been higher. Europe & Central Asia median: $50,946 in international dollars; Poland is 22nd highest of 49. Of 179 countries with 2025 data, 37th highest.

How much does Poland export?

According to the World Bank, exports of goods and services in Poland was 50.0% of GDP in 2025. Since 2005 it has ranged from 34.5% of GDP (2005) to 62.4% of GDP (2022). It is 21st highest of 46 in Europe & Central Asia, where the median is 47.7% of GDP. World rank, highest first: 35th of 133.

Does Poland have a current account surplus or deficit?

In 2025, the current account balance in Poland was -1.0% of GDP, according to the IMF, a deficit. The peak was 2.4% of GDP in 2020 and the low -6.7% of GDP in 2008. Across Europe & Central Asia the middle value was -0.3% of GDP, and Poland placed 26th highest of 47. Of 132 countries with 2025 data, 67th highest.

What is FDI in Poland?

The latest figure from the IMF, for 2025, is 2.0% of GDP. Since 2005 it has ranged from 0.3% of GDP (2013) to 6.2% of GDP (2006). It is 24th highest of 49 in Europe & Central Asia, where the median is 1.9% of GDP. Worldwide: 91st of 179.