Government and power in Peru

Who leads Peru, how the World Bank's governance indicators score it, how many women sit in parliament and government, what the state spends and taxes, and the official bodies that hold power to account. System of government: Unitary republic (decentralised).

Who leads Peru?

• Head of state: Keiko Sofia Fujimori Higuchi (Presidenta de la República del Perú)
• Head of government: Luis Fernando Galarreta Velarde (Presidente del Consejo de Ministros de la República del Perú)
• Foreign minister: Alfonso Carlos Espá y Garcés-Alvear (Ministro de Relaciones Exteriores de la República del Perú)

Source: Heads of State, Heads of Government, Ministers for Foreign Affairs: Public List (United Nations Protocol and Liaison Service), list dated 15 October 2026. All world leaders.

Governance scores

The World Bank's Worldwide Governance Indicators combine surveys of households and firms with assessments by public, private and non-governmental bodies. Each score runs from 0 to 100; higher means the sources rate governance better. They measure perceptions, and each has a margin of error.

Voice and accountability

Measures how far citizens can choose their government, and freedom of expression, association and the media.

Political stability and absence of violence

Measures the likelihood of political instability or politically motivated violence, including terrorism.

Government effectiveness

Measures the quality of public services and the civil service, and how independent they are from political pressure.

Regulatory quality

Measures the government's ability to make and carry out policies that let the private sector develop.

Rule of law

Measures confidence in and respect for the rules of society, including contract enforcement, property rights, the police and the courts.

Control of corruption

Measures how far public power is used for private gain, including petty and grand corruption and "capture" of the state by elites.

Official bodies that hold power in Peru

Government

• Peruvian State Platform
  Central portal for state services, official notices and public body information.

Parliament

• Chamber of Deputies
  Bills, session records and deputy information for the lower chamber of Congress.
• Senate
  Bills, session records and senator information for the upper chamber of Congress.

Elections

• National Office of Electoral Processes
  Official election results, electoral organisation and party finance oversight.
• National Jury of Elections
  Electoral rulings, candidate registration and election oversight.

Courts

• Judiciary
  Supreme Court rulings, case law and judicial statistics.
• Constitutional Court
  Constitutional judgments, case files and hearing schedules.

Public audit

• Comptroller General of the Republic
  Control and audit reports on public entities and public works.

Ombudsman

• Ombudsman's Office
  Social conflict reports, human rights reports and complaint handling.

Access to information

• National Authority for Transparency and Access to Public Information
  Oversees the transparency law and publishes annual reports on information requests and compliance.
• National Authority for Personal Data Protection
  Enforces the personal data protection law and publishes decisions and guidance.

Public contracts

• Specialised Agency for Efficient Public Procurement (SEACE)
  Regulates state procurement and runs the SEACE system of tenders and contracts.

Laws and the official gazette

• Official Gazette El Peruano
  Laws, decrees, regulations and other legal norms as officially published.

Government below the national level

• Regions (24 departments + Constitutional Province of Callao): Regional governor and regional council directly elected for four years
• Provincial municipalities (about 196, including Metropolitan Lima): Mayor and councillors (regidores) directly elected for four years
• District municipalities (about 1,874): Mayor and councillors directly elected for four years
• Municipalities of populated centres (centros poblados): Local mayor and councillors elected locally under rules set by the provincial municipality

How local power works in Peru

Places in Peru

• All 25 departments
• The 25 largest cities
• Official statistics for Peru

Sources

• World Bank: Worldwide Governance Indicators: Voice and accountability (governance score 0-100), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 70f2804fd1e2…)
• World Bank: Worldwide Governance Indicators: Political stability and absence of violence (governance score 0-100), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 1317de0c85e1…)
• World Bank: Worldwide Governance Indicators: Government effectiveness (governance score 0-100), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 a775e808dc65…)
• World Bank: Worldwide Governance Indicators: Regulatory quality (governance score 0-100), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 83b57e36ff8c…)
• World Bank: Worldwide Governance Indicators: Rule of law (governance score 0-100), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 0bccc3c054e8…)
• World Bank: Worldwide Governance Indicators: Control of corruption (governance score 0-100), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 3b15a5340cdd…)
• World Bank: World Development Indicators: Seats held by women in national parliament (SG.GEN.PARL.ZS), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 1ae1dc13981a…)
• World Bank: World Development Indicators: Women in ministerial positions (SG.GEN.MNST.ZS), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 a4e448a5b8bd…)
• World Bank: World Development Indicators: Central government spending (GC.XPN.TOTL.GD.ZS), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 808094019f50…)
• World Bank: World Development Indicators: Tax revenue (GC.TAX.TOTL.GD.ZS), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 08c94b750f31…)
• World Bank: World Development Indicators: Military spending (MS.MIL.XPND.GD.ZS), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 a7f6913a783b…)
• World Bank: World Development Indicators: Armed forces personnel (MS.MIL.TOTL.P1), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 fa4663c743ba…)
• World Bank: World Development Indicators: Statistical Performance Indicator (overall score) (IQ.SPI.OVRL), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 08ac7cde9129…)
• World Bank: World Development Indicators: Births registered (SP.REG.BRTH.ZS), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 f8d443034ba7…)
• World Bank: World Development Indicators: People using the internet (IT.NET.USER.ZS), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 0d78dc658329…)

Each saved copy is the file exactly as downloaded, kept so the figures can be checked even if the source changes. Report an error.