Poverty and living standards in Borno, Nigeria: official figures
72.5% of people in Borno were multidimensionally poor in the 2022 Nigeria Multidimensional Poverty Index (survey 2021/22), about 2.25 million people. That rate is 16th highest of the 36 states and the FCT; the national rate was 63%. The NBS notes that results for Borno are not fully representative because of insecurity.
How severe is poverty in Borno?
Borno's 2.25 million poor people are 1.7% of the 133 million multidimensionally poor people in Nigeria. On average a poor person in Borno is deprived in 43.4% of the weighted indicators (the intensity of poverty), giving an MPI value of 0.315.
Source: National Bureau of Statistics · saved copyHow many children in Borno live in poverty?
Children are hit harder: 76.4% of under-18s in Borno are multidimensionally poor, against 67.5% of adults.
Source: National Bureau of Statistics · saved copyWhat do poor households in Borno go without?
The most common deprivations among poor people in Borno are cooking with wood, charcoal or dung, food insecurity and poor housing materials: 59.2%, 53.7% and 53.0% of all residents are both poor and affected.
Source: National Bureau of Statistics · saved copyDo poor families in Borno have clean water and toilets?
16.9% of residents are poor and lack safe drinking water, 42.4% are poor and lack an improved toilet, and 59.2% are poor and cook with wood, charcoal or dung.
Source: National Bureau of Statistics · saved copyHow does insecurity affect poor families in Borno?
12.3% of people in Borno are both poor and live in a household that suffered a security shock such as theft, kidnapping or attack in the previous year.
Source: National Bureau of Statistics · saved copyHow many displaced people are there in Borno?
1,711,481 internally displaced people in 372,139 households were counted in Borno in 2023, 50.62% of the 3,381,228 recorded in the 14 states tracked by the NBS and IOM.
Source: National Bureau of Statistics · saved copyHow Borno compares with other states
Multidimensionally poor (share of people) (2021/22)
Borno ranks 16 of 37, highest first.
| Rank | Region | Multidimensionally poor (share of people) |
|---|---|---|
| 13 | Bauchi | 73.9% |
| 14 | Kaduna | 73.9% |
| 15 | Katsina | 72.7% |
| 16 | Borno | 72.5% |
| 17 | Akwa Ibom | 71.3% |
| 18 | Niger | 69.1% |
| 19 | Adamawa | 68.7% |
More on Borno: overview · economy and jobs · health · education and schools · government budget · Nigeria
Sources
- National Bureau of Statistics: Nigeria Multidimensional Poverty Index (2022), Appendix D tables by state, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 26498590b192…)
- National Bureau of Statistics: Demographic Bulletin 2023 datasheet, Annex 3: projected population by state, 2023 (NPC); Annex 8: internally displaced persons by state (NBS/IOM), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 6764616bf151…)
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