11 answers, 4 from Madagascar's own official bodies, with a link to each figure.
74.7% of adults aged 15 and over in Madagascar could read and write in 2021, according to the World Bank, using UNESCO Institute for Statistics data.
The rate is based on household survey answers, and 2021 is the latest year in the series. It counts people who can read and write a short simple statement about their everyday life, so it does not measure reading skills beyond that basic level.
The primary completion rate in Madagascar was 60.7% in 2024, according to the World Bank, using UNESCO data.
The rate compares the number of children entering the last grade of primary school with the population of the age for that grade, so it is an approximation. The gross primary enrolment ratio was 132.7% in 2024. It is above 100% because many pupils are older than the official age for their grade, often after repeating years.
Madagascar's government spent the equivalent of 3.05% of GDP on education in 2023, according to the World Bank, using UNESCO data.
The figure covers public spending on all levels of education, from primary school to universities, including salaries and building costs. It does not include what families pay for private schooling, fees or supplies. The Ministry of National Education and the Ministry of Higher Education share the budget.
The 2026 baccalauréat results are published by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research on its results page, which lists candidates admitted by province and exam centre.
The page did not show a national pass rate when checked on 15 October 2026, so no overall figure is given here. Results for lower-level exams, such as the end-of-primary and end-of-lower-secondary certificates, are the responsibility of the Ministry of National Education.
The figures below use one definition for every country, so they can differ from national figures.
95.6%: that is net primary school enrolment in Madagascar for 2018, according to the UNESCO Institute for Statistics. That compares with 77.7% in 2003. It is 3rd highest of 19 in Sub-Saharan Africa, where the median is 90.7%. World rank, highest first: 19th of 69.
In 2021, gross secondary school enrolment in Madagascar was 34.1%, according to the UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Since 2005 it has ranged from 20.3% (2005) to 36.1% (2015). It is 21st highest of 23 in Sub-Saharan Africa, where the median is 55.4%. World rank, highest first: 138th of 140.
The latest figure from the UNESCO Institute for Statistics, for 2023, is 6.1%. That is the highest since at least 2005. It is 14th highest of 16 in Sub-Saharan Africa, where the median is 11.0%. Of 120 countries with 2023 data, 117th highest.
In 2021, the adult literacy rate in Madagascar was 74.7%, according to the UNESCO Institute for Statistics. That compares with 71.6% in 2012. Sub-Saharan Africa median: 75.2%; Madagascar is 8th highest of 14. World rank, highest first: 34th of 43.
According to the UNESCO Institute for Statistics, government spending on education in Madagascar was 3.0% of GDP in 2023. Its high point since 2005 was 2005, at 3.3% of GDP; its low point was 2013, at 1.8% of GDP. Sub-Saharan Africa median: 3.3% of GDP; Madagascar is 22nd highest of 35. Worldwide: 77th of 112.
40: that is the number of primary pupils per teacher in Madagascar for 2018, according to the UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Its high point since 2005 was 2005, at 54; its low point was 2013, at 40. Across Sub-Saharan Africa the middle value was 39, and Madagascar placed 9th highest of 23. World rank, highest first: 12th of 85.
In 2024, the primary completion rate in Madagascar was 60.7%, according to the UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Since 2005 it has ranged from 53.0% (2006) to 68.3% (2009). It is 16th highest of 19 in Sub-Saharan Africa, where the median is 77.3%. Of 104 countries with 2024 data, 100th highest.
Read on 14 October 2026. Definitions · Report an error