Nairobi City: population, poverty, health, schooling, housing and county revenue

Nairobi City is a capital city county of Kenya, number 7 of 54 by population. The Kenya National Bureau of Statistics projects Nairobi City's population at 4,906,000 for 2025, 9.2% of Kenya's 53.33 million; the largest of Kenya's 47 counties. The projection starts from the 2019 census, which counted 4,397,073 people in the county.

In depth

• Economy, jobs and prices in Nairobi City: Nairobi City's economy (Gross County Product) was worth KSh 3.38 trillion in 2022 at current prices, 27.5% of the 47 counties' combined KSh 12.29 trillion, or about KSh 723,300 per resident; the highest of Kenya's 47 counties per person (all counties: KSh 242,700).
• Health in Nairobi City: 46.3% of people in Nairobi City had any health insurance in 2022, the highest of Kenya's 47 counties (Kenya: 26.3%); most of them 40.5% through the National Health Insurance Fund, which has since been replaced by the Social Health Authority.
• Education in Nairobi City: 90.6% of primary-school-age children in Nairobi City were attending primary school in 2022 (the net attendance ratio), 19th highest of Kenya's 47 counties (Kenya: 86.2%).
• Poverty and living standards in Nairobi City: 16.5% of people in Nairobi City lived below the overall poverty line in 2022, about 767,000 people; the lowest of Kenya's 47 counties (Kenya: 39.8%, 20.16 million people). The line is the cost of basic food and non-food needs per adult per month.
• Government budget and revenue in Nairobi City: The Commission on Revenue Allocation recommended KSh 23.8 billion of shareable national revenue for the Nairobi City County Government in 2026/27, 5.18% of the KSh 458.9 billion recommended for all counties; the largest of Kenya's 47 counties. Parliament sets the final figure in the County Allocation of Revenue Act.

How capital city countys are governed in Kenya

Counties (47). Governor and deputy elected on a joint ticket (max two five-year terms); county assembly of members (MCAs) elected from wards plus nominated members; county executive committee nominated by the governor and approved by the assembly. Health, agriculture, county roads, pre-primary education, water, trade licensing, planning (Fourth Schedule).

Every tier of government in Kenya

Other capital city counties of Kenya

• Rift Valley (former province) 14,473,000
• Eastern (former province) 7,464,000
• Nyanza (former province) 6,992,000
• Central (former province) 6,128,000
• Western (former province) 5,560,000
• Coast (former province) 4,912,000
• North Eastern (former province) 2,893,000
• Kiambu 2,754,000
• Nakuru 2,445,000
• Kakamega 2,073,000
• Bungoma 1,845,000
• Meru 1,666,000
• Kilifi 1,637,000
• Machakos 1,518,000
• Kisii 1,370,000
• Mombasa 1,368,000
• Narok 1,355,000
• Kajiado 1,328,000
• Uasin Gishu 1,307,000
• Migori 1,292,000
• Kisumu 1,290,000
• Homa Bay 1,278,000
• Kitui 1,259,000
• Murang'a 1,136,000
• Trans Nzoia 1,108,000
• Siaya 1,097,000
• Turkana 1,074,000
• Makueni 1,065,000
• Mandera 1,007,000
• Busia 1,006,000
• Kwale 988,000
• Nandi 982,000
• Kericho 980,000
• Garissa 971,000
• Bomet 965,000
• Wajir 915,000
• Nyeri 853,000
• Baringo 764,000
• Nyandarua 721,000
• West Pokot 706,000
• Nyamira 665,000
• Kirinyaga 664,000
• Embu 662,000
• Vihiga 636,000
• Laikipia 583,000
• Marsabit 539,000
• Elgeyo-Marakwet 509,000
• Tharaka-Nithi 425,000
• Taita-Taveta 373,000
• Tana River 370,000
• Samburu 367,000
• Isiolo 330,000
• Lamu 176,000

Up a level: Kenya · government and power in Kenya · cities

Sources

• Commission on Revenue Allocation: Recommendation on the Basis for Equitable Sharing of Revenue between the National and County Governments for FY 2026/27, Tables 6.1 and 6.2, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 38189f669f70…)
• Commission on Revenue Allocation: Recommendation concerning the Fourth Basis for Revenue Sharing among County Governments, FY 2025/26-2029/30: Table 2-7 and Appendix I (KNBS census, poverty and Gross County Product data), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 76961d1ebf71…)
• Kenya National Bureau of Statistics and Ministry of Health (with ICF): Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2022, Volume 1: county tables (C tables), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 202dd70451a0…)
• Kenya National Bureau of Statistics: 2023/24 Kenya Housing Survey Basic Report: Tables 3.6, 5.10 and 5.18 by county, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 52fcb74800ea…)
• Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (National Information Platform for Food Security and Nutrition): 2019 Census Data and Projections by County (2019 census count and projections for 2020-2045), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 fc7c1a52a02c…)
• Kenya National Bureau of Statistics: The Kenya Poverty Report 2022 (2022 Kenya Continuous Household Survey): Tables 3.2 and 4.6, Annex Tables A1, B1, C1 and E.2, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 e3298f81209a…)

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