Poverty and living standards in Erbil, Iraq: official figures
5.9% of people in Erbil lived below the national poverty line in 2024, the lowest of 18 governorates and against 17.5% for Iraq.
Has poverty in Erbil risen or fallen?
The income poverty rate in Erbil was 3.4% in 2007, 3.6% in 2012, 6.7% in 2018 and 5.9% in 2024, down 0.8 percentage points since 2018 (Iraq: 20.1% to 17.5%).
Source: Ministry of Planning and Commission of Statistics and Geographic Information Systems, with UNDP and the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) · saved copyHow many people in Erbil are multidimensionally poor?
36.4% of people in Erbil were multidimensionally poor in 2024, deprived in at least a fifth of the weighted indicators covering education, health, living standards, employment and shocks. That is 7th lowest of 18 governorates; the Iraq figure was 36.8%.
Source: Ministry of Planning and Commission of Statistics and Geographic Information Systems, with UNDP and the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) · saved copyWhat is the multidimensional poverty index of Erbil?
Erbil's Multidimensional Poverty Index value was 0.104 in 2024 (joint 7th lowest of 18 governorates), against 0.108 for Iraq. On average poor people there were deprived in 28.6% of the weighted indicators.
Source: Ministry of Planning and Commission of Statistics and Geographic Information Systems, with UNDP and the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) · saved copyHow common is early marriage in Erbil?
23.7% of people in Erbil were deprived on early marriage in 2024, an indicator in Iraq's multidimensional poverty index, against 25.7% across Iraq (joint 7th lowest of 18 governorates).
Source: Ministry of Planning and Commission of Statistics and Geographic Information Systems, with UNDP and the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) · saved copyHow Erbil compares with other governorate of the Kurdistan Regions
Income poverty rate (2024) (2024)
Erbil ranks 18 of 18, highest first. Share of people living below the national poverty line, Iraq Household Socio-Economic Survey 2023-24
| Rank | Region | Income poverty rate (2024) |
|---|---|---|
| 12 | Maysan | 16.3% |
| 13 | Duhok | 14.8% |
| 14 | Dhi Qar | 14.2% |
| 15 | Baghdad | 13.5% |
| 16 | Kirkuk | 9.5% |
| 17 | Sulaymaniyah | 7.9% |
| 18 | Erbil | 5.9% |
People living in multidimensional poverty (2024) (2024)
Erbil ranks 12 of 18, highest first. Share of people deprived in at least 20% of the weighted indicators (education, health, living standards, employment, shocks)
| Rank | Region | People living in multidimensional poverty (2024) |
|---|---|---|
| 9 | Anbar | 40.0% |
| 10 | Sulaymaniyah | 38.6% |
| 11 | Wasit | 37.0% |
| 12 | Erbil | 36.4% |
| 13 | Basra | 35.7% |
| 14 | Karbala | 33.0% |
| 15 | Dhi Qar | 31.2% |
Multidimensional Poverty Index value (2024) (2024)
Erbil ranks 12 of 18, highest first. Incidence multiplied by intensity; 0 is no poverty, 1 is everyone deprived in everything
| Rank | Region | Multidimensional Poverty Index value (2024) |
|---|---|---|
| 9 | Duhok | 0.117 |
| 10 | Wasit | 0.106 |
| 11 | Basra | 0.104 |
| 12 | Erbil | 0.104 |
| 13 | Sulaymaniyah | 0.102 |
| 14 | Karbala | 0.097 |
| 15 | Dhi Qar | 0.089 |
More on Erbil: overview · economy and jobs · health · Iraq
Sources
- Ministry of Planning and Commission of Statistics and Geographic Information Systems, with UNDP and the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI): Multidimensional Poverty in Iraq 2024: Analytical Report (Table 4, Table 16, Annex 2, Annex 3), based on the Iraq Household Socio-Economic Survey 2023-24, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 2918b603f085…)
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