Haiti: environment

What share of Haitians have electricity?

53.9% of Haiti's population had access to electricity in 2024, according to the World Bank, up from 51.3% in 2023.

The indicator is compiled for the Sustainable Development Goal 7 tracking report from household surveys and modelling. Access includes grid connections and off-grid sources such as solar home systems, and does not measure how many hours a day power is available. The National Energy Sector Regulatory Authority (ANARSE) regulates the electricity sector.

Official sources: World Bank: access to electricity, Haiti

How much of Haiti is covered by forest?

Forest covered 13.5% of Haiti's land area in 2024, according to FAO data published by the World Bank. The figure for 2023 was 13.4%.

FAO's Forest Resources Assessment defines forest as land of more than half a hectare with trees over five metres tall and canopy cover above 10%, so it includes agroforestry and tree crops meeting that threshold. The figures are reported by the country and modelled between assessments. Forest policy is the responsibility of the Ministry of the Environment.

Official sources: World Bank: forest area, Haiti

What are the CO2 emissions of Haiti?

Haiti emitted about 0.30 tonnes of carbon dioxide per person in 2024, excluding land use and forestry, according to the World Bank. The figure for 2023 was 0.29 tonnes.

The World Bank takes the figure from the EDGAR database of the European Commission's Joint Research Centre, which estimates emissions from fuel use and industrial processes. Emissions and removals from land use change and forestry are excluded. Haiti's official greenhouse gas inventories are reported to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change.

Official sources: World Bank: CO2 emissions per capita, Haiti

What share of Haitians have access to clean drinking water?

73.3% of people in Haiti used at least a basic drinking water service in 2024, according to WHO and UNICEF data published by the World Bank. The figure for 2023 was 72.6%.

A basic service means water from an improved source, such as a piped supply, protected well or borehole, with a round trip of 30 minutes or less to collect it. It does not test water quality. Drinking water and sanitation are regulated by the National Directorate for Drinking Water and Sanitation (DINEPA).

Official sources: World Bank: basic drinking water services, Haiti

What is Haiti's carbon footprint per person?

The latest figure from the European Commission's EDGAR database, for 2024, is 0.3 tonnes. The peak was 0.3 tonnes in 2016 and the low 0.2 tonnes in 2006. Latin America & Caribbean median: 2.3 tonnes; Haiti is 33rd highest of 33. World rank, highest first: 162nd of 186.

What are Haiti's total greenhouse gas emissions?

13.8 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent: that is total greenhouse gas emissions in Haiti for 2024, according to the European Commission's EDGAR database. The peak was 13.9 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent in 2018 and the low 10.3 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent in 2005. Latin America & Caribbean median: 19.2 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent; Haiti is 21st highest of 33. Worldwide: 130th of 186.

What share of Haiti's energy comes from renewables?

The latest figure from the IEA, IRENA, the UN Statistics Division, the World Bank and the WHO, for 2021, is 76.7%. Its high point since 2005 was 2012, at 82.2%; its low point was 2015, at 76.1%. It is 1st highest of 33 in Latin America & Caribbean, where the median is 18.9%. Of 191 countries with 2021 data, 22nd highest.

How much of Haiti is forest?

The FAO puts forest area as a share of land in Haiti at 13.5% in 2024. Its high point since 2005 was 2005, at 13.9%; its low point was 2015, at 13.2%. Latin America & Caribbean median: 50.6%; Haiti is 31st highest of 32. Of 190 countries with 2024 data, 138th highest.

What is air pollution like in Haiti?

The Global Burden of Disease study puts average exposure to fine particle air pollution (PM2.5) in Haiti at 15.8 micrograms per cubic metre in 2023. Its high point since 2005 was 2010, at 16.3 micrograms per cubic metre; its low point was 2012, at 13.7 micrograms per cubic metre. It is 16th highest of 33 in Latin America & Caribbean, where the median is 15.7 micrograms per cubic metre. Worldwide: 110th of 192.

How much of Haiti's land is protected?

The latest figure from the UN Environment Programme, for 2025, is 8.6%. It is the top of the series, which starts in 2013. Latin America & Caribbean median: 20.1%; Haiti is 29th highest of 33. Of 192 countries with 2025 data, 150th highest.

Is Haiti short of water?

According to the FAO, water stress in Haiti was 13.4% in 2022. That is the highest since at least 2005. It is 8th highest of 32 in Latin America & Caribbean, where the median is 7.7%. World rank, highest first: 76th of 175.