Paris: population, economy and official figures
Paris is a department in Ile de France, France. Paris had 2,065,560 residents on 1 January 2025, 16.5% of Ile de France and 3.00% of France; 3rd largest of 101 departments in France.
In depth
- Economy, jobs and prices in Paris: GDP per person was 123,100 purchasing power standards (PPS) in 2024, 309% of the EU average (98% for France); the highest of 101 departments in France.
- Education in Paris: 19,424 pupils in 171 colleges in Paris sat the general series of the diplôme national du brevet (DNB) in 2025; 58 of those colleges were private schools under contract, which entered 36% of candidates (France: 22%).
- Poverty and living standards in Paris: The poverty rate in Paris was 16.8% in 2023, 0.9 points higher than the 15.9% rate for metropolitan France and 31st highest of 97 departements.
Is the population of Paris growing?
That is 6.4% fewer people than in 2015 (2,206,488).
Source: Eurostat · saved copyHow densely populated is Paris?
There were 20,147.8 people per square kilometre in 2024.
Source: Eurostat · saved copyWhat is the median age in Paris?
The median age was 39.2 years in 2025, against 42.8 for France; 91st highest of 101 departments in France.
Source: Eurostat · saved copyHow old is the population of Paris?
18.8% of residents were 65 or older and 11.7% were under 15 in 2025.
Source: Eurostat · saved copyHow many births and deaths are there in Paris?
In 2024 there were 21,484 live births and 14,079 deaths, a natural increase of 7,405.
Source: Eurostat · saved copyHow big is Paris?
It covers 105 km².
Source: Eurostat · saved copyWhat is the budget of Paris?
The City of Paris, which combines the powers of a commune and a departement, spent €9.6 billion in 2025, or €4,493 per resident.
Source: Observatoire des finances et de la gestion publique locales (OFGL), from DGFiP accounts · saved copyHow much debt does Paris have?
Outstanding debt stood at €11.4 billion at the end of 2025, €5,335 per resident. At its 2025 level of gross savings it would take 14.2 years to repay.
Source: Observatoire des finances et de la gestion publique locales (OFGL), from DGFiP accounts · saved copyAre people moving to Paris?
More people left than arrived in 2024: net migration was -12.9 per 1,000 residents, while births minus deaths gave a natural change of +3.6 per 1,000.
Source: Eurostat · saved copyMore figures
- Operating spending by that authority for Paris came to €7.5 billion in 2025; social benefits and care (RSA, personal autonomy allowance APA, disability compensation PCH and care-home placements) took €1.3 billion, or 17% of it, and staff costs 38%. Source: Observatoire des finances et de la gestion publique locales (OFGL), from DGFiP accounts · saved copy
- Property transfer taxes (DMTO) brought in €1.5 billion in 2025, €690 per resident, 16% less than at the 2022 peak of the housing market. Source: Observatoire des finances et de la gestion publique locales (OFGL), from DGFiP accounts · saved copy
- Capital spending excluding debt repayment was €1.8 billion in 2025 (€834 per resident), of which €1.2 billion on the council's own works such as roads and colleges. Source: Observatoire des finances et de la gestion publique locales (OFGL), from DGFiP accounts · saved copy
- A share of national VAT worth €1.3 billion provided 16% of operating revenue in 2025, and the state's general operating grant (DGF) €121,454; gross savings were 9.7% of operating revenue. Source: Observatoire des finances et de la gestion publique locales (OFGL), from DGFiP accounts · saved copy
Figures come from France's own official statistics and from Eurostat's regional statistics for NUTS 3 areas. Comparisons with the EU average use purchasing power standards (PPS), which adjust for price differences.
Other departments in Ile de France
- Seine-Saint-Denis 1,731,789
- Hauts-de-Seine 1,668,275
- Yvelines 1,504,565
- Seine-et-Marne 1,490,900
- Val-de-Marne 1,434,875
- Essonne 1,356,114
- Val-d'Oise 1,297,210
Up a level: Ile de France · all regions of France · how local power works in France
Sources
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset demo_r_pjangrp3: Population on 1 January (NUTS 3), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 4c748d3cba3a…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset demo_r_d3dens: Population density, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 f4b59fe9d121…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset nama_10r_3gdp: GDP per person, PPS (NUTS 3), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 3bf0fc662f56…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset nama_10r_3gdp: GDP, million euros (NUTS 3), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 096e15e5fdb3…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset nama_10r_3empers: Employment, thousand people (NUTS 3), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 664e4e3a6dc0…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset demo_r_pjanind3: Median age of the population (NUTS 3), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 7bf6ade55a0d…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset demo_r_pjanind3: Share of people aged 65 or over (NUTS 3), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 17aa0d08ab9c…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset demo_r_fagec3: Live births (NUTS 3), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 cfda9b5f4ebd…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset reg_area3: Area, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 75302b0aafe9…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset nama_10r_3empers: Employment (thousand persons) by NUTS 3 region and industry, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 222a97c302d3…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset nama_10r_3gva: Gross value added at basic prices by NUTS 3 region and industry, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 c656e8563bdf…)
- Eurostat: Eurostat dataset demo_r_gind3: Population change: demographic balance and crude rates by NUTS 3 region, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 7548e948e15c…)
- Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, DEPP: Indicateurs de valeur ajoutée des collèges, sessions 2024 and 2025 of the diplôme national du brevet, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 4022d6fb202a…)
- Ministère de l'Intérieur, Service statistique ministériel de la sécurité intérieure (SSMSI): Base statistique départementale de la délinquance enregistrée par la police et la gendarmerie nationales, 2016-2025, read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 05fd70cbfe72…)
- INSEE: Indicateurs sur les revenus et la pauvreté au niveau local en 2023 (Filosofi 2023, base FILOSOFI_CC), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 f3822a78e3f5…)
- Observatoire des finances et de la gestion publique locales (OFGL), from DGFiP accounts: Comptes des départements 2012-2025 (budgets principaux, 2019-2025 extract), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 3c1b2d8de45d…)
Each saved copy is the file exactly as downloaded, kept so the figures can be checked even if the source changes. Report an error.