Government and power in Egypt
Who leads Egypt, how the World Bank's governance indicators score it, how many women sit in parliament and government, what the state spends and taxes, and the official bodies that hold power to account. System of government: Unitary presidential republic.
Who leads Egypt?
- Head of state: Abdel Fattah Al Sisi (President of the Arab Republic of Egypt)
- Head of government: Moustafa Kamal Madbouly (Prime Minister of the Arab Republic of Egypt)
- Foreign minister: Badr Ahmed Mohamed Abdelatty (Minister for Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation and Egyptian Expatriates of the Arab Republic of Egypt)
Source: Heads of State, Heads of Government, Ministers for Foreign Affairs: Public List (United Nations Protocol and Liaison Service), list dated 15 October 2026. All world leaders.
Governance scores
The World Bank's Worldwide Governance Indicators combine surveys of households and firms with assessments by public, private and non-governmental bodies. Each score runs from 0 to 100; higher means the sources rate governance better. They measure perceptions, and each has a margin of error.
- Voice and accountability
- Measures how far citizens can choose their government, and freedom of expression, association and the media.
- Political stability and absence of violence
- Measures the likelihood of political instability or politically motivated violence, including terrorism.
- Government effectiveness
- Measures the quality of public services and the civil service, and how independent they are from political pressure.
- Regulatory quality
- Measures the government's ability to make and carry out policies that let the private sector develop.
- Rule of law
- Measures confidence in and respect for the rules of society, including contract enforcement, property rights, the police and the courts.
- Control of corruption
- Measures how far public power is used for private gain, including petty and grand corruption and "capture" of the state by elites.
How does Egypt score on voice and accountability?
Voice and accountability: 27.7 out of 100 in 2025, 176th highest of 193 UN member states with a score (regional median 37.4). Ten years earlier, in 2015, it was 35.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow does Egypt score on political stability?
Political stability and absence of violence: 50 out of 100 in 2025, 163rd highest of 193 UN member states with a score (regional median 54). Ten years earlier, in 2015, it was 39.1.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow does Egypt score on government effectiveness?
Government effectiveness: 50.2 out of 100 in 2025, 107th highest of 193 UN member states with a score (regional median 50.2). Ten years earlier, in 2015, it was 42.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow does Egypt score on regulatory quality?
Regulatory quality: 47.6 out of 100 in 2025, 121st highest of 193 UN member states with a score (regional median 47.6). Ten years earlier, in 2015, it was 43.7.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow does Egypt score on the rule of law?
Rule of law: 47.3 out of 100 in 2025, 135th highest of 193 UN member states with a score (regional median 52.2). Ten years earlier, in 2015, it was 45.7.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow does Egypt score on control of corruption?
Control of corruption: 33.9 out of 100 in 2025, 133rd highest of 193 UN member states with a score (regional median 37.9). Ten years earlier, in 2015, it was 37.3.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow many women are in Egypt's parliament?
Women held 26.8% of seats in the national parliament (single or lower chamber) in 2025, 88th highest of 184 countries with data. Source: Inter-Parliamentary Union, via the World Bank.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow many of Egypt's ministers are women?
Women held 10.3% of ministerial posts in 2025, 154th highest of 190.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow much does the government of Egypt spend?
Central government spending (expense) was 30.2% of GDP in 2015.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow much tax does the government of Egypt collect?
Central government tax revenue was 12.5% of GDP in 2015, 103rd highest of 145.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow much does Egypt spend on the military?
Military spending was 0.6% of GDP in 2025, 131st highest of 149 (Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, via the World Bank).
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow big are the armed forces of Egypt?
Armed forces personnel numbered 836,000 in 2020.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow good are Egypt's official statistics?
The World Bank's Statistical Performance Indicator, which scores how well a country's official statistics system works, was 78.1 out of 100 in 2024, 72nd highest of 187.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow many people in Egypt use the internet?
74.6% of people used the internet in 2024.
Source: World Bank · saved copyOfficial bodies that hold power in Egypt
Government
- Egyptian CabinetPublishes cabinet decisions, government statements and reports from the Information and Decision Support Center.
Parliament
- House of RepresentativesPublishes sessions, legislation and the list of members of Egypt's lower chamber.
Elections
- National Election AuthorityPublishes election timetables, candidate lists and official results of presidential, parliamentary and Senate elections.
Courts
- Supreme Constitutional CourtPublishes rulings on the constitutionality of laws and interpretations of legislation.
Government below the national level
- Governorates (27): Governor appointed by the President
- Districts (markaz) and cities (225): Heads appointed by the governor; local executive councils of ministry officials
- Villages (4,695): Heads appointed by the governor
- Elected local popular councils (one per unit, on paper): Should be directly elected every four years under Article 180
How local power works in Egypt
Places in Egypt
Sources
- World Bank: Worldwide Governance Indicators: Voice and accountability (governance score 0-100), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 70f2804fd1e2…)
- World Bank: Worldwide Governance Indicators: Political stability and absence of violence (governance score 0-100), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 1317de0c85e1…)
- World Bank: Worldwide Governance Indicators: Government effectiveness (governance score 0-100), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 a775e808dc65…)
- World Bank: Worldwide Governance Indicators: Regulatory quality (governance score 0-100), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 83b57e36ff8c…)
- World Bank: Worldwide Governance Indicators: Rule of law (governance score 0-100), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 0bccc3c054e8…)
- World Bank: Worldwide Governance Indicators: Control of corruption (governance score 0-100), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 3b15a5340cdd…)
- World Bank: World Development Indicators: Seats held by women in national parliament (SG.GEN.PARL.ZS), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 1ae1dc13981a…)
- World Bank: World Development Indicators: Women in ministerial positions (SG.GEN.MNST.ZS), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 a4e448a5b8bd…)
- World Bank: World Development Indicators: Central government spending (GC.XPN.TOTL.GD.ZS), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 808094019f50…)
- World Bank: World Development Indicators: Tax revenue (GC.TAX.TOTL.GD.ZS), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 08c94b750f31…)
- World Bank: World Development Indicators: Military spending (MS.MIL.XPND.GD.ZS), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 a7f6913a783b…)
- World Bank: World Development Indicators: Armed forces personnel (MS.MIL.TOTL.P1), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 fa4663c743ba…)
- World Bank: World Development Indicators: Statistical Performance Indicator (overall score) (IQ.SPI.OVRL), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 08ac7cde9129…)
- World Bank: World Development Indicators: People using the internet (IT.NET.USER.ZS), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 0d78dc658329…)
Each saved copy is the file exactly as downloaded, kept so the figures can be checked even if the source changes. Report an error.