Czechia: public finances

What is the Czech state budget for 2026?

The 2026 Czech state budget plans revenue of CZK 2,117.8 billion and spending of CZK 2,427.8 billion, a deficit of CZK 310 billion, according to the Ministry of Finance.

The state budget covers central government only. Regions, municipalities and health insurance funds have their own budgets, so the general government deficit reported by the CZSO for EU purposes is a different figure. The ministry publishes monthly state budget results during the year.

Official sources: Ministry of Finance: The 2026 State Budget in Brief

What is the Czech government deficit?

The Czech general government deficit was CZK 185.5 billion in 2025, or 2.2% of GDP, according to the Czech Statistical Office notification sent to Eurostat. The deficit was 0.2 percentage points of GDP larger than in 2024.

Central government ran a deficit of CZK 202.6 billion, while local government had a surplus of CZK 28.3 billion and health insurance funds a deficit of CZK 11.2 billion. In the second quarter of 2026, the quarterly figures show a deficit of 1.5% of GDP. The EU's limit is 3% of GDP.

Official sources: CZSO: Notification of government deficit and debt, 2025 · CZSO: Government deficit and debt, Q2 2026

How big is Czech government debt?

Czech general government debt was CZK 3,842.4 billion at the end of the second quarter of 2026, or 43.8% of GDP, according to the Czech Statistical Office. Debt rose CZK 215.1 billion over the year.

At the end of 2025, debt was 44.2% of GDP, according to the CZSO's notification to Eurostat. The ratio changes with both borrowing and nominal GDP: over the year to June, new debt added 2.4 points and GDP growth took off 2.3 points. The EU reference value is 60% of GDP.

Official sources: CZSO: Government deficit and debt, Q2 2026

How much does the Czech government spend?

Czech general government spending was 44.6% of GDP in the second quarter of 2026, and revenue 43.1%, according to the Czech Statistical Office. Spending rose 9.5% and revenue 4.8% on a year earlier.

The CZSO says the largest increases in spending were in social benefits (CZK 27.5 billion more) and employee pay, and the largest revenue gain was in social contributions (CZK 32.9 billion). Quarterly ratios are not seasonally adjusted, so compare them with the same quarter of earlier years. Military spending was 1.84% of GDP in 2025, according to SIPRI data published by the World Bank.

Official sources: CZSO: Government deficit and debt, Q2 2026 · World Bank: military expenditure (% of GDP), Czechia

What is Czechia's debt to GDP ratio?

The IMF puts general government gross debt in Czechia at 44.2% of GDP in 2025. It is the top of the series, which starts in 2005. Across Europe & Central Asia the middle value was 46.9% of GDP, and Czechia placed 28th highest of 51. Worldwide: 117th of 185.

What is Czechia's budget deficit?

-2.1% of GDP: that is general government net lending or borrowing in Czechia for 2025, according to the IMF, which is a deficit. Its high point since 2005 was 2017, at 1.5% of GDP; its low point was 2020, at -5.6% of GDP. It is 24th highest of 51 in Europe & Central Asia, where the median is -2.4% of GDP. World rank, highest first: 76th of 188.

How much revenue does Czechia's government raise?

The IMF puts general government revenue in Czechia at 41.0% of GDP in 2025. Its high point since 2005 was 2024, at 41.1% of GDP; its low point was 2008, at 38.9% of GDP. Europe & Central Asia median: 41.3% of GDP; Czechia is 27th highest of 50. Of 187 countries with 2025 data, 40th highest.

How big is Czechia's government spending as a share of GDP?

The latest figure from the IMF, for 2025, is 43.1% of GDP. Since 2005 it has ranged from 38.5% of GDP (2017) to 46.3% of GDP (2020). It is 27th highest of 50 in Europe & Central Asia, where the median is 43.3% of GDP. Worldwide: 42nd of 186.

What is Czechia's tax to GDP ratio?

The IMF puts central government tax revenue in Czechia at 18.6% of GDP in 2024. Since 2005 it has ranged from 17.6% of GDP (2010) to 19.8% of GDP (2018). Europe & Central Asia median: 20.8% of GDP; Czechia is 28th highest of 42. Worldwide: 44th of 92.

How much does Czechia spend on its military?

1.8% of GDP: that is military spending in Czechia for 2025, according to SIPRI. Its high point since 2005 was 2024, at 1.9% of GDP; its low point was 2015, at 0.9% of GDP. It is 33rd highest of 46 in Europe & Central Asia, where the median is 2.0% of GDP. World rank, highest first: 70th of 149.