Provinces of Burundi: population and official figures

Burundi is divided into 5 provinces. The largest by population is Bujumbura with 3,353,555 people (27.2% of the total); the smallest is Buhumuza with 2,052,261. Burundi has had five provinces since the 2025 reform (Organic Law of 16 March 2023), replacing the 18 earlier provinces; each old province page now points to the new province that holds its former capital. Figures are from the 2024 General Census of Population, Housing, Agriculture and Livestock (preliminary results, published by presidential decree in March 2025, read from the scanned decree) and the Constitutional Court ruling on the June 2025 National Assembly election. No official health, education, poverty-rate or budget figures by new province were found.

Who governs Burundi's provinces?

Provinces (5 since the 2025 elections; previously 18): Governor appointed by the president. Deconcentrated state unit that supervises communes and coordinates their plans.

How local power works in Burundi · Level 5: devolved and state governments worldwide

All 5 provinces, largest first

More on Burundi: official statistics · government and power · local power

Sources

• Presidency of the Republic of Burundi (census by the Institut National de la Statistique du Burundi, INSBU): Decree No. 100/032 of 27 March 2025 publishing the preliminary results of the 2024 General Census of Population, Housing, Agriculture and Livestock (RGPHAE 2024): tables 2, 6, 15-19, 21, 22 and 25 by province and commune, read 27 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 019aeca1397f…)
• Constitutional Court of Burundi (published by the Independent National Electoral Commission, CENI): Ruling RCCB 453 proclaiming the final results of the election of deputies of 5 June 2025 (seats by province), read 27 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 dc9bbefbfce1…)

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