Timor-Leste: public finances

Where can I see Timor-Leste's state budget?

The Ministry of Finance runs the Budget Transparency Portal, which shows appropriations, commitments, actual spending and revenue collected for the current fiscal year. The summary page does not state the date it was last updated, so no figure is given here. The Ministry's own website publishes the General State Budget documents.

Most state spending is financed by transfers from the Petroleum Fund, managed by the Central Bank of Timor-Leste, which publishes quarterly and monthly reports on the fund's value and withdrawals.

Official sources: Budget Transparency Portal · Ministry of Finance · Central Bank of Timor-Leste: Petroleum Fund reports

How much does Timor-Leste take from the Petroleum Fund?

US$300 million was transferred from Timor-Leste's Petroleum Fund to the state budget in the period shown for August 2026, according to the Banco Central de Timor-Leste's economic indicators page. The fund's investments stood at US$18.29 billion.

Oil and gas income has fallen: according to INETL's National Accounts 2006-2025, oil GDP turned negative after the Bayu-Undan field stopped producing in June 2025. The Ministry of Finance's Budget Transparency Portal shows spending against the budget.

Official sources: Banco Central de Timor-Leste: Economic indicators · INETL: National Accounts 2006-2025 (PDF) · Ministry of Finance: Budget Transparency Portal

What is Timor-Leste's debt to GDP ratio?

In 2025, general government gross debt in Timor-Leste was 13.3% of GDP, according to the IMF. Since 2005 it has ranged from 0.0% of GDP (2005) to 13.6% of GDP (2024). East Asia & Pacific median: 45.0% of GDP; Timor-Leste is 23rd highest of 29. World rank, highest first: 175th of 185.

What is Timor-Leste's budget deficit?

The IMF puts general government net lending or borrowing in Timor-Leste at -46.2% of GDP in 2025, a deficit. Since 2005 it has ranged from -55.7% of GDP (2016) to 41.0% of GDP (2006). Across East Asia & Pacific the middle value was -1.7% of GDP, and Timor-Leste placed 29th highest of 29. Worldwide: 188th of 188.

How much revenue does Timor-Leste's government raise?

The latest figure from the IMF, for 2025, is 43.1% of GDP. Since 2005 it has ranged from 25.5% of GDP (2021) to 107.9% of GDP (2011). East Asia & Pacific median: 33.6% of GDP; Timor-Leste is 8th highest of 29. Worldwide: 32nd of 187.

What is Timor-Leste's government spending?

89.3% of GDP: that is general government spending in Timor-Leste for 2025, according to the IMF. Its high point since 2005 was 2011, at 133.3% of GDP; its low point was 2021, at 45.7% of GDP. It is 2nd highest of 29 in East Asia & Pacific, where the median is 32.9% of GDP. World rank, highest first: 3rd of 186.

How much tax does Timor-Leste collect?

In 2022, central government tax revenue in Timor-Leste was 21.6% of GDP, according to the IMF. The peak was 147.6% of GDP in 2012 and the low 12.6% of GDP in 2020. Across East Asia & Pacific the middle value was 16.5% of GDP, and Timor-Leste placed 6th highest of 20. World rank, highest first: 33rd of 117.

What is Timor-Leste's military budget as a share of GDP?

According to SIPRI, military spending in Timor-Leste was 2.3% of GDP in 2025. The peak was 5.0% of GDP in 2009 and the low 1.1% of GDP in 2021. East Asia & Pacific median: 1.4% of GDP; Timor-Leste is 3rd highest of 16. Of 149 countries with 2025 data, 47th highest.