Western Province: population, economy, jobs, poverty, health, schools and provincial council finances
Western Province is a province of Sri Lanka, the largest of 9 by population. The 2024 Census of Population and Housing counted 6,117,341 people in the Western Province, 28.1% of Sri Lanka's 21,781,800; the largest of the 9 provinces.
In depth
- Economy, jobs and prices in Western Province: Western Province produced goods and services worth Rs. 12,662.8 billion in 2024 at current prices, 42.4% of Sri Lanka's GDP (the largest of the 9 provinces), according to the Central Bank's provisional provincial GDP estimates.
- Health in Western Province: 8,520 medical officers worked in government health services in Western Province in 2024 (provisional), 139 per 100,000 residents, the highest of the 9 provinces (Sri Lanka: 110). The national hospitals in Colombo serve patients from the whole country.
- Education in Western Province: Government schools in Western Province had 803,921 pupils and 45,318 teachers in 2025 (provisional), 17.7 pupils per teacher, the highest of the 9 provinces (Sri Lanka: 15.5).
- Poverty and living standards in Western Province: 5.7% of people in Western Province lived below the official poverty line in the 2019 Household Income and Expenditure Survey, the lowest of the 9 provinces (Sri Lanka: 14.3%); 4.4% of households were poor (Sri Lanka: 11.9%). No newer provincial poverty figures have been published.
- Government budget and revenue in Western Province: The Western Provincial Council received Rs. 143.2 billion in 2025 (provisional): Rs. 82.5 billion in grants from the central government and Rs. 60.7 billion from its own revenue, so grants paid for 57.6% of its budget (all provinces: 81.4%).
How fast is the population of Western Province growing?
Western Province grew from 5,851,130 people at the March 2012 census to 6,117,341 at the December 2024 census, an average of 0.35% a year, 2nd slowest of the 9 provinces (Sri Lanka: 0.53% a year).
Source: Department of Census and Statistics · saved copyHow many people in Western Province live in towns?
37.2% of Western Province's people lived in urban areas at the 2024 census and 0.7% lived in the plantation estate sector; the most urban of the 9 provinces (Sri Lanka: 17.5% urban, 4.0% estate).
Source: Department of Census and Statistics · saved copyMore figures
- The Registrar General's Department estimates Western Province's mid-2025 population at 6,104,000 (provisional), its first estimate based on the 2024 census (Sri Lanka: 21,756,000). Source: Central Bank of Sri Lanka (compiling the named official sources) · saved copy
How provinces are governed in Sri Lanka
Provinces (9): provincial councils. Councils normally elected for five years; governor appointed by the President. No council elections since 2014, so governors run them.. Devolved subjects such as provincial roads, agriculture, some schools and health; supervise local authorities through a provincial commissioner of local government.
Every tier of government in Sri Lanka
Other provinces of Sri Lanka
- Central Province 2,714,045
- Southern Province 2,606,679
- North Western Province 2,586,972
- Sabaragamuwa Province 2,015,899
- Eastern Province 1,783,214
- North Central Province 1,407,610
- Uva Province 1,399,892
- Northern Province 1,150,148
Up a level: Sri Lanka · government and power in Sri Lanka
Sources
- Department of Census and Statistics: Census of Population and Housing 2024, final report: Tables 3.2 (population by province and district), 3.3 (district population 2012 and 2024) and 3.6 (population by sector), read 27 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 a6dea9388d05…)
- Central Bank of Sri Lanka (compiling the named official sources): Economic and Social Statistics of Sri Lanka 2026, chapter 2: Tables 2.4 (vehicles, Provincial Departments of Motor Traffic), 2.13, 2.16 and 2.18 (HIES 2019, Department of Census and Statistics), 2.20 (Ministry of Education), 2.26 (Department of Examinations), 2.30 (University Grants Commission) and 2.39 (Ministry of Health), read 27 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 babb9cbb27c5…)
- Central Bank of Sri Lanka (compiling the named official sources): Economic and Social Statistics of Sri Lanka 2026, chapter 3: Tables 3.21 (mid-year population, Registrar General's Department) and 3.32 (departures for foreign employment, Sri Lanka Bureau of Foreign Employment), read 27 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 fcfc004b2129…)
- Central Bank of Sri Lanka (compiling the named official sources): Economic and Social Statistics of Sri Lanka 2026, chapter 5: Table 5.8 (revenue and expenditure of provincial councils, Ministry of Public Administration, Provincial Councils and Local Government), read 27 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 88c29bbd48a1…)
- Department of Census and Statistics: Sri Lanka Labour Force Survey Annual Bulletin 2025: Table 2.2 (employment by industry) and Table 3.3 (unemployment by province), read 27 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 48a8863a4643…)
- Central Bank of Sri Lanka (from Department of Census and Statistics national accounts): Provincial Gross Domestic Product (PGDP) 2024, press release of 22 December 2025: Tables 1-3, read 27 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 bfe27596d2d7…)
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