Jeju Special Self-Governing Province: population, income, jobs, health, schools, poverty and local budgets

Jeju Special Self-Governing Province is a special self-governing province of South Korea, number 16 of 17 by population. Jeju Special Self-Governing Province had 675,252 registered residents at the end of 2023 (resident registration, excluding registered foreign nationals). That is 2nd lowest of 17 by population and 1.3% of the national total of 51,325,329.

In depth

• Economy, jobs and prices in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province: Gross regional domestic product (GRDP) per person in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province was 39.91 million won in 2024 (preliminary), 6th lowest of 17 and below the national figure of 49.48 million won.
• Health in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province: Life expectancy at birth in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province was 83.7 years in 2023 (Ministry of Data and Statistics abridged life table), joint 3rd highest of 17.
• Education in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province: Families in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province spent an average of 369,000 won a month on private education (hagwons, tutoring and similar) for each school student in 2025, 8th lowest of 17 (national: 458,000 won).
• Poverty and living standards in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province: 26,261 households in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province received National Basic Livelihood Security benefits in 2025, 1.3% of the 2,013,319 recipient households nationwide (2nd lowest of 17).
• Government budget and revenue in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province: Local taxes collected in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province came to 1.87 trillion won in 2023 (settled accounts), 2nd lowest of 17. This covers the local taxes of the provincial or metropolitan government and of the cities, counties and districts inside it.

How special self-governing provinces are governed in South Korea

Upper-level local governments (17): 1 special city (Seoul), 6 metropolitan cities, 1 special self-governing city (Sejong), 6 provinces, 3 special self-governing provinces (Jeju, Gangwon, Jeonbuk). Mayor or governor and council directly elected for four years; superintendent of education also directly elected. Regional planning, roads, transport, police support (autonomous police), education (via the education office).

Every tier of government in South Korea

Other special self-governing provinces of South Korea

• Gyeonggi Province 13,630,821
• Seoul 9,386,034
• Busan 3,293,362
• South Gyeongsang Province 3,251,158
• Incheon 2,997,410
• North Gyeongsang Province 2,577,312
• Daegu 2,351,972
• South Chungcheong Province 2,130,119
• South Jeolla Province 1,804,217
• Jeonbuk State 1,754,757
• North Chungcheong Province 1,593,469
• Gangwon State 1,527,807
• Daejeon 1,442,216
• Gwangju 1,419,237
• Ulsan 1,103,661
• Sejong 386,525

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Sources

• Ministry of Data and Statistics with the Ministry of Education, published on KOSIS: Private Education Expenditure Survey: average monthly private education spending per student by school level and province, 2025 (table DT_1PE105), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 92cdffded762…)
• Ministry of Data and Statistics, published on KOSIS: Regional Income: per-person GRDP, regional gross income and household disposable income by province, 2024 preliminary (table DT_1C96), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 5d25f08e5a82…)
• Ministry of Data and Statistics, published on KOSIS: Economically Active Population Survey: economically active population by province, monthly, September 2025 to September 2026 (table DT_1DA7004S), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 c3f248d42b19…)
• Ministry of Data and Statistics, published on KOSIS: Life Tables: abridged life tables by province (5-year age groups), 2023 (table DT_1B44), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 422d4dc3e3f8…)
• Ministry of Health and Welfare, published on KOSIS: National Basic Livelihood Security recipient households by province and household characteristics, 2025 (table DT_11714_N004), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 59fb13cf0bc8…)
• Ministry of the Interior and Safety, published on KOSIS (Ministry of Data and Statistics): Korea City Statistics: local tax per person and fiscal independence ratio, with resident registration population and households, 2023 (table DT_110001_A012), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 0ed0a4bf00d3…)

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