Nigeria: housing

What share of Nigerians own their home?

70.4% of Nigerian households owned the dwelling they lived in during 2023/24, according to the NBS General Household Survey-Panel Wave 5. Ownership was 80.1% in rural areas and 49.1% in urban areas.

Ownership in the survey includes homes built by the household on family or inherited land, which is common in rural areas, as well as homes bought outright. Urban households are more likely to rent. The survey is run by the NBS with the World Bank and follows the same households over time.

Official sources: NBS: General Household Survey-Panel Wave 5, 2023/24

What are house prices in Nigeria?

No official house price figures for Nigeria were found on the sites of the National Bureau of Statistics and the Federal Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, checked on 14 October 2026.

The NBS does not publish a house price index, and the Consumer Price Index tracks rents rather than purchase prices. Data on home ownership and housing conditions are published in the NBS General Household Survey. Asking prices on property websites are not official statistics and vary widely between cities and neighbourhoods.

Official sources: National Bureau of Statistics · Federal Ministry of Housing and Urban Development

What share of Nigerian homes have electricity?

82.2% of urban households and 40.4% of rural households in Nigeria had access to electricity in 2023/24, according to the NBS General Household Survey-Panel Wave 5. Households with a connection reported an average of 6.7 blackouts a week.

Access in the survey means a connection to the grid or another electricity source, not a steady supply. Many connected households also rely on generators or solar systems. Electricity customer numbers and supply volumes are published each quarter by the NBS and the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission.

Official sources: NBS: General Household Survey-Panel Wave 5, 2023/24

How many Nigerian households have no toilet?

One in four Nigerian households had no toilet facility in 2023/24, according to the NBS General Household Survey-Panel Wave 5, meaning members practise open defecation.

The survey records the main type of toilet each household uses, including flush toilets, pit latrines and shared facilities. Lack of a toilet is more common in rural areas. Open defecation is linked to the spread of diarrhoeal diseases such as cholera, which the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control tracks in its weekly situation reports.

Official sources: NBS: General Household Survey-Panel Wave 5, 2023/24

How much is the housing ministry's 2026 budget?

Nigeria's 2026 federal budget proposal allocated ₦134.13 billion for capital spending and ₦11.18 billion for recurrent spending at the Federal Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, according to the 2026 Appropriation Bill.

Capital spending pays for federal housing estates, urban renewal projects and infrastructure, while recurrent spending covers salaries and running costs. Most housing in Nigeria is built privately or by state governments, which have their own budgets. The amounts are from the bill as proposed and may differ from the signed Appropriation Act.

Official sources: Budget Office: 2026 Appropriation Bill (PDF)

What share of Nigeria is urban?

The latest figure from the UN Population Division, for 2025, is 63.8%. It is the top of the series, which starts in 2005. It is 10th highest of 48 in Sub-Saharan Africa, where the median is 44.9%. World rank, highest first: 95th of 193.

How common are informal settlements in Nigeria?

The latest figure from UN-Habitat, for 2022, is 48.5%. That is the lowest since at least 2006. It is 29th highest of 48 in Sub-Saharan Africa, where the median is 48.7%. Worldwide: 39th of 170.

How many people in Nigeria have electricity?

In 2024, the share of people with access to electricity in Nigeria was 62.5%, according to the World Bank. It is the top of the series, which starts in 2005. It is 19th highest of 48 in Sub-Saharan Africa, where the median is 57.8%. World rank, highest first: 161st of 193.

What share of people in Nigeria have safe drinking water?

According to WHO and UNICEF, the share of people using safely managed drinking water in Nigeria was 29.9% in 2024. It is the top of the series, which starts in 2005. Sub-Saharan Africa median: 27.2%; Nigeria is 11th highest of 25. Worldwide: 114th of 134.

How many people in Nigeria have a safe toilet?

32.2%: that is the share of people using safely managed sanitation in Nigeria for 2024, according to WHO and UNICEF. No year since 2005 has been higher. Across Sub-Saharan Africa the middle value was 23.6%, and Nigeria placed 9th highest of 29. Worldwide: 99th of 134.

What is access to clean cooking in Nigeria?

The WHO puts the share of people using clean cooking fuels in Nigeria at 28.0% in 2024. That is the highest since at least 2005. Sub-Saharan Africa median: 13.0%; Nigeria is 21st highest of 48. Worldwide: 157th of 192.