Nepal: official statistics and sources
18 official bodies for Nepal, from National Statistics Office to Electronic Government Procurement (e-GP) system, with key figures from the World Bank and IMF. Official language: Nepali. Capital: Kathmandu.
Who holds power in Nepal
- Head of state: Ramchandra Paudel (President of Nepal)
- Head of government: Balendra Shah (Prime Minister of Nepal)
- Foreign minister: Shisir Khanal (Minister for Foreign Affairs of Nepal)
Source: UN Protocol and Liaison Service list, dated 15 October 2026. All world leaders.
Federal parliamentary republic. How local power works in Nepal: 4 tiers of government below the nation, who is elected and who they answer to.
Part of level 6 of the 10 levels of power.
Government, regions and cities
- Government and power in Nepal: leaders, governance scores, women in parliament, spending and the bodies that hold power to account
- All 7 provinces: Bagmati Province, Madhesh Province, Lumbini Province, Koshi Province, Sudurpashchim Province…
- The 37 largest cities: Kathmandu, Pokhara, Bharatpur
Key figures
What the figures show
World Bank data give a population of 29.6 million for Nepal in 2025, against 27.8 million in 2015. Of the 6 UN members in the World Bank's South Asia region, 2 have more people; worldwide it comes 52nd.
Nepal's economy produced $45.5 billion of goods and services in 2025, in current US dollars. That works out at $1,536 a head; the regional median is $3,598.
Real GDP grew by 4.4% in 2025, World Bank figures show. For 2026 the IMF expects 3.6%.
Across 2025 the annual rate was 2.7%. The IMF forecasts 3.1% for 2026.
The ILO's modelled unemployment rate for 2025 is 10.5%; the national statistics office may publish a different figure from its own survey.
The IMF records general government gross debt of 47.4% of GDP for 2025, compared with a median of 90.6% across the World Bank's South Asia region; its 2026 projection is 49.4%.
Life expectancy at birth: 70.6 years (2024).
- Annual inflation since 2015: highest 8.8% (2016), lowest 2.7% (2025).
- Debt ratio 2015: 25.7%; 2025: 47.4%.
- GDP per person in dollars, 2015 to 2025: +75%.
Figures checked 2026-10-13; how they are compiled.
Official sources in Nepal
Statistics office prices, jobs, people, output
- National Statistics Office (Rastriya Tathyanka Karyalaya)
Publishes Nepal's census results, national accounts, labour force survey and living standards survey.
Central bank interest rates and money
- Nepal Rastra Bank
Publishes monetary policy, exchange rates, the current macroeconomic situation report and banking statistics.
Parliament debates, votes, bills
- House of Representatives (Pratinidhi Sabha)
Publishes proceedings, bills and the list of members of the lower house.
- National Assembly (Rastriya Sabha)
Publishes proceedings, bills and the list of members of the upper house.
Government
- Office of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers
Publishes cabinet decisions, policies and official notices.
Laws and the official gazette the text of laws
- Nepal Law Commission
Publishes the constitution, Acts, rules and orders in force in Nepal.
Courts judgments
- Supreme Court of Nepal
Publishes judgments, cause lists and the Nepal Law Reports.
- Nepal Kanoon Patrika
The Supreme Court's official law reports, with searchable full-text decisions. Not in English.
Public audit how public money was spent
- Office of the Auditor General
Publishes the Auditor General's annual report on federal, provincial and local government accounts.
Elections results and rules
- Election Commission, Nepal
Publishes voter rolls, candidate lists and official election results.
Regulators
- Securities Board of Nepal
Publishes securities regulations, approvals and capital-market reports.
- Nepal Telecommunications Authority
Publishes telecoms market indicators, licences and directives.
- Electricity Regulatory Commission
Publishes electricity tariff decisions and regulations. Not in English.
- Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority
Publishes corruption case filings, annual reports and investigation statistics.
Access to information requests to public bodies
- National Information Commission
Hears appeals under the Right to Information Act and publishes its orders and procedures. Not in English.
Public registers companies, land, charities
- Office of the Company Registrar
Registers companies and publishes company search, filings and registration services.
- Social Welfare Council
Affiliates and monitors NGOs and international NGOs working in Nepal and publishes their lists.
Public contracts government tenders and awards
- Electronic Government Procurement (e-GP) system
Public Procurement Monitoring Office portal publishing tenders and bids of all public entities.
Freedom of information in Nepal
| Law | Right to Information Act, 2064 (2007) (2007) |
|---|---|
| Answered by | An Information Officer in each public body. |
| Time limit | 15 days; 24 hours where the information concerns a person's life or safety |
| Appeals to | Chief of the public body, then the National Information Commission |
Read from the Act (published by the National Information Commission): complaints go to the chief of the body within 7 days, appeals to the Commission within 35 days, and the Commission decides within 60 days.
What Nepal does not have
- No online land register could be reached (dolma.gov.np reset the connection on 2026-10-13).
- No public register of lobbyists or of officials' asset declarations.
Also: World Bank country data · IMF country page · UN Sustainable Development Goals country profile · IPU Parline parliament profile.
Nepal by subject
- Economy GDP, growth, trade and investment
- Jobs and pay unemployment, jobs and work
- Cost of living inflation, poverty and inequality
- Public finances debt, deficit, tax and spending
- Health and care life expectancy, doctors and spending
- Housing homes, cities, water and power
- Crime and justice murder rate, courts and crime
- Immigration migrants, refugees and remittances
- Education schools, universities and literacy
- Environment emissions, air, forests and water
Power in Nepal, from local government up to the G20
The global bodies above national governments, and the levels of power inside Nepal. How the ten levels work.
Level 3: Local councils
- Cities of Nepal the largest cities, with their figures
- Local government in Nepal how councils, regions and municipalities work
Level 5: Devolved and state governments
- Regions of Nepal 7 regions, states or provinces
Level 6: National government
- Nepal: national government this page
- Government and power in Nepal who leads, the parliament and the courts
- World leaders every country's head of state and government
Level 10: G7, G20, Davos and global forums
Common questions
What is the population of Nepal?
29.6 million (2025, World Bank). National figures: National Statistics Office.
What is the inflation rate in Nepal?
2.7% (2025, World Bank). Official index: National Statistics Office.
What is Nepal's GDP?
$45.5 billion (2025, World Bank).
How much government debt does Nepal have?
47.4% of GDP (2025, International Monetary Fund).
Who publishes official statistics in Nepal?
National Statistics Office (Rastriya Tathyanka Karyalaya): https://nsonepal.gov.np/
Is there a freedom of information law in Nepal?
Right to Information Act, 2064 (2007) (2007). Time limit: 15 days; 24 hours where the information concerns a person's life or safety. Appeals: Chief of the public body, then the National Information Commission.
What is the central bank of Nepal?
Nepal Rastra Bank: https://www.nrb.org.np/
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