Puebla-Tlaxcala: population and official figures

In depth

• Economy, jobs and prices in Puebla-Tlaxcala: The 2024 Economic Census counted 94,811 business establishments (economic units) in Puebla-Tlaxcala (Puebla municipality) in 2023, 2nd most of 107 Mexican cities on this site, against 81,148 in the 2019 census (up 16.8%).
• Health in Puebla-Tlaxcala: 29.0% of residents of Puebla-Tlaxcala (Puebla municipality) were not affiliated to any public or private health service in the 2020 census, 30th highest of 107 Mexican cities on this site (national: 26.2%).
• Education in Puebla-Tlaxcala: In the 2020 census 2.3% of residents of Puebla-Tlaxcala (Puebla municipality) aged 15 and over could not read or write, 44th lowest of 107 Mexican cities on this site (national: 4.7%); in 2010 the share was 3.5%.
• Poverty and living standards in Puebla-Tlaxcala: CONEVAL estimated that 41.4% of people in Puebla-Tlaxcala (Puebla municipality), 680,945 in all, were in poverty in 2020, 35th highest of 107 Mexican cities on this site; across all municipalities combined the rate was 44.5%.
• Government budget and revenue in Puebla-Tlaxcala: The municipal government of Puebla took in MXN 7.6 billion in 2024, about MXN 4,512 per resident counted in 2020, 20th lowest of 105 municipal governments among these cities; in 2021 the figure was MXN 5.4 billion (current pesos).

Who runs Puebla-Tlaxcala?

In Mexico, cities and towns are run by states: Governor (head of government in Mexico City) elected for one six-year term; single-chamber state congress. Own constitutions, courts and laws; police, education and health shared with the federation.

How local power works in Mexico

Cities of a similar size in Mexico

• Mexico, Ciudad De 22,160,289
• Monterrey 5,860,795
• Guadalajara 5,437,212
• Toluca 2,509,279
• Tijuana 2,239,664
• León 2,083,208
• Querétaro 1,754,856
• Juárez 1,593,240
• Mérida 1,450,754
• La Laguna 1,446,494
• San Luis Potosí-Soledad de Graciano Sánchez 1,338,507
• Aguascalientes 1,239,335
• Cuernavaca 1,171,572
• Saltillo 1,131,897
• Mexicali 1,099,945

Up a level: all cities in Mexico · Mexico · government and power

Sources

• Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI): Censos Económicos 2024 and 2019 (reference years 2023 and 2018), SAIC query: economic units, persons employed, pay, gross output, value added and investment by municipality (request body saved as saic-ce2024-totals-2018-2023.request.json), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 47e3a4e8a9f4…)
• Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI): Censos Económicos 2024 (reference year 2023), SAIC query: economic units and persons employed in manufacturing, retail, education services, health services and accommodation and food by municipality (request body saved as saic-ce2024-sectors-2023.request.json), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 fea3ec2053c9…)
• Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI): Estadística de Finanzas Públicas Estatales y Municipales (EFIPEM): municipal revenue and spending 2021-2025, tabulado interactivo EFIPEM_2 (request body saved as efipem-2-municipal-2021-2025.request.json; 2025 preliminary), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 aacb09030136…)
• Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social (CONEVAL): Índice de Rezago Social 2000-2020 by state and municipality: total population and census indicators of schooling, health coverage and housing (from the 2010 and 2020 Population and Housing Censuses and the 2015 Intercensal Survey), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 9191f6c16ec2…)
• Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social (CONEVAL): Poverty measurement by municipality 2010-2020: concentrated poverty indicators (Concentrado_indicadores_de_pobreza_2020.xlsx), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 644d19a9ff6d…)

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