Government and power in Libya
Who leads Libya, how the World Bank's governance indicators score it, how many women sit in parliament and government, what the state spends and taxes, and the official bodies that hold power to account. System of government: Unitary state in a long political transition, with rival governments in the west and east.
Who leads Libya?
- Head of state: Mohamed Younis A Menfi (President of the Presidential Council of the State of Libya)
- Head of government: Abdulhamid M A Al Dabiba (Prime Minister, Acting Minister of Defense and Acting Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of the Government of National Unity of the State of Libya)
- Foreign minister: Abdulhamid M A Al Dabiba (Acting Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Government of National Unity of the State of Libya)
Source: Heads of State, Heads of Government, Ministers for Foreign Affairs: Public List (United Nations Protocol and Liaison Service), list dated 15 October 2026. All world leaders.
Governance scores
The World Bank's Worldwide Governance Indicators combine surveys of households and firms with assessments by public, private and non-governmental bodies. Each score runs from 0 to 100; higher means the sources rate governance better. They measure perceptions, and each has a margin of error.
- Voice and accountability
- Measures how far citizens can choose their government, and freedom of expression, association and the media.
- Political stability and absence of violence
- Measures the likelihood of political instability or politically motivated violence, including terrorism.
- Government effectiveness
- Measures the quality of public services and the civil service, and how independent they are from political pressure.
- Regulatory quality
- Measures the government's ability to make and carry out policies that let the private sector develop.
- Rule of law
- Measures confidence in and respect for the rules of society, including contract enforcement, property rights, the police and the courts.
- Control of corruption
- Measures how far public power is used for private gain, including petty and grand corruption and "capture" of the state by elites.
How does Libya score on voice and accountability?
Voice and accountability: 31.3 out of 100 in 2025, 165th highest of 193 UN member states with a score (regional median 37.4). Ten years earlier, in 2015, it was 35.9.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow does Libya score on political stability?
Political stability and absence of violence: 33.4 out of 100 in 2025, 182nd highest of 193 UN member states with a score (regional median 54). Ten years earlier, in 2015, it was 26.4.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow does Libya score on government effectiveness?
Government effectiveness: 21.9 out of 100 in 2025, 182nd highest of 193 UN member states with a score (regional median 50.2). Ten years earlier, in 2015, it was 18.2.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow does Libya score on regulatory quality?
Regulatory quality: 26.9 out of 100 in 2025, 185th highest of 193 UN member states with a score (regional median 47.6). Ten years earlier, in 2015, it was 21.1.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow does Libya score on the rule of law?
Rule of law: 31.5 out of 100 in 2025, 182nd highest of 193 UN member states with a score (regional median 52.2). Ten years earlier, in 2015, it was 30.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow does Libya score on control of corruption?
Control of corruption: 17.2 out of 100 in 2025, 183rd highest of 193 UN member states with a score (regional median 37.9). Ten years earlier, in 2015, it was 15.8.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow many women are in Libya's parliament?
Women held 16.5% of seats in the national parliament (single or lower chamber) in 2025, 138th highest of 184 countries with data. Source: Inter-Parliamentary Union, via the World Bank.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow many of Libya's ministers are women?
Women held 13.0% of ministerial posts in 2025, 138th highest of 190.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow much does Libya spend on the military?
Military spending was 3.6% of GDP in 2023, 14th highest of 152 (Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, via the World Bank).
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow big are the armed forces of Libya?
Armed forces personnel numbered 0 in 2020.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow good are Libya's official statistics?
The World Bank's Statistical Performance Indicator, which scores how well a country's official statistics system works, was 34.8 out of 100 in 2024, 183rd highest of 187.
Source: World Bank · saved copyHow many people in Libya use the internet?
82.0% of people used the internet in 2024.
Source: World Bank · saved copyOfficial bodies that hold power in Libya
Parliament
- House of RepresentativesPublishes session news, laws and decisions of the House of Representatives.
Elections
- High National Elections CommissionPublishes voter registration figures, electoral regulations and results of national and municipal elections.
Public audit
- Audit BureauPublishes annual audit reports on public spending and state institutions.
Government below the national level
- Municipalities (baladiyat, over 100): Municipal council elected by residents; council chooses the mayor
- Governorates / provinces: Provided for in Law 59 of 2012 but not set up
- National authorities: Two rival executives (Tripoli-based GNU and the eastern government) each appoint officials and fund municipalities in their areas
How local power works in Libya
Places in Libya
Sources
- World Bank: Worldwide Governance Indicators: Voice and accountability (governance score 0-100), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 70f2804fd1e2…)
- World Bank: Worldwide Governance Indicators: Political stability and absence of violence (governance score 0-100), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 1317de0c85e1…)
- World Bank: Worldwide Governance Indicators: Government effectiveness (governance score 0-100), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 a775e808dc65…)
- World Bank: Worldwide Governance Indicators: Regulatory quality (governance score 0-100), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 83b57e36ff8c…)
- World Bank: Worldwide Governance Indicators: Rule of law (governance score 0-100), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 0bccc3c054e8…)
- World Bank: Worldwide Governance Indicators: Control of corruption (governance score 0-100), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 3b15a5340cdd…)
- World Bank: World Development Indicators: Seats held by women in national parliament (SG.GEN.PARL.ZS), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 1ae1dc13981a…)
- World Bank: World Development Indicators: Women in ministerial positions (SG.GEN.MNST.ZS), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 a4e448a5b8bd…)
- World Bank: World Development Indicators: Military spending (MS.MIL.XPND.GD.ZS), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 a7f6913a783b…)
- World Bank: World Development Indicators: Armed forces personnel (MS.MIL.TOTL.P1), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 fa4663c743ba…)
- World Bank: World Development Indicators: Statistical Performance Indicator (overall score) (IQ.SPI.OVRL), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 08ac7cde9129…)
- World Bank: World Development Indicators: People using the internet (IT.NET.USER.ZS), read 23 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 0d78dc658329…)
Each saved copy is the file exactly as downloaded, kept so the figures can be checked even if the source changes. Report an error.