Economy, jobs and prices in Tokyo, Japan: official figures
Taxable income for municipal resident tax in Tokyo's 23 special wards averaged 5.84 million yen per taxpayer in fiscal 2024, 3rd highest of 262 cities and above the national average of 3,933.7 thousand yen per taxpayer. It is income before deductions, so it is not take-home pay.
How much income do people in Tokyo earn in total?
Residents of Tokyo's 23 special wards had 30.52 trillion yen of taxable income in total in fiscal 2024, from 5,229,011 resident-tax payers (53.7 per 100 residents, above the national figure (45.3)).
Source: Statistics Bureau of Japan, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications · saved copyHow many people work in Tokyo?
At the 2020 census 4,130,402 residents of Tokyo's 23 special wards were in work and 4,281,536 were in the labour force (working or seeking work), equal to 42.4 employed people per 100 residents of all ages, below the national figure (45.7).
Source: Statistics Bureau of Japan, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications · saved copyWhat is the unemployment rate in Tokyo?
The unemployment rate in Tokyo's 23 special wards was 3.5% at the 2020 census (151,134 people out of 4,281,536 in the labour force), 72nd lowest of 262 cities, below the national figure (3.8%). The census was taken during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Source: Statistics Bureau of Japan, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications · saved copyWhat are the main industries in Tokyo?
By sector, 0.2% of employed residents of Tokyo's 23 special wards worked in primary industries (farming, forestry, fishing), 13.8% in secondary (mining, construction, manufacturing) and 81.9% in tertiary industries (services and the rest) at the 2020 census. Nationally the shares were 3.4%, 23.0% and 70.6%. The three do not add to 100% because some jobs are not classified.
Source: Statistics Bureau of Japan, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications · saved copyHow many people are self-employed in Tokyo?
79.8% of employed residents of Tokyo's 23 special wards were employees (excluding company directors), 8.1% were self-employed business owners and 8.0% were directors, at the 2020 census; nationally 81.4% were employees.
Source: Statistics Bureau of Japan, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications · saved copyHow many people commute into Tokyo?
At the 2020 census 2,428,507 residents of Tokyo's 23 special wards commuted to work in another municipality and 4,856,433 people living elsewhere commuted in. The daytime population was 12,346,348, or 126.8 per 100 night-time residents, 2nd highest of 262 cities.
Source: Statistics Bureau of Japan, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications · saved copyHow many businesses are there in Tokyo?
Tokyo's 23 special wards had 503,699 private-sector business establishments employing 8,114,913 people in 2021 (government offices are excluded), about 16.1 workers per establishment.
Source: Statistics Bureau of Japan, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications · saved copyHow big is manufacturing in Tokyo?
Factories in Tokyo's 23 special wards shipped goods worth 3.59 trillion yen in 2023 and employed 149,281 people in manufacturing in 2024.
Source: Statistics Bureau of Japan, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications · saved copyHow much do shops and wholesalers sell in Tokyo?
Wholesale and retail businesses in Tokyo's 23 special wards sold goods worth 168.56 trillion yen in the year covered by the 2021 Economic Census (sales for 2020), across 82,756 commercial establishments employing 1,332,336 people.
Source: Statistics Bureau of Japan, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications · saved copyHow many shops and restaurants are there in Tokyo?
Tokyo's 23 special wards had 65,655 retail stores and 53,924 eating and drinking places in 2021, including 1,636 large retail stores (50+ staff) and 86 department stores or general supermarkets.
Source: Statistics Bureau of Japan, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications · saved copyHow much farmland is there in Tokyo?
Farmland in Tokyo's 23 special wards covered 4.00 square kilometres in 2024, 0.6% of the total area.
Source: Statistics Bureau of Japan, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications · saved copyHow much waste does Tokyo recycle?
Tokyo's 23 special wards produced 2,977,747 tonnes of household and business waste in 2023 and recycled 21.0% of it.
Source: Statistics Bureau of Japan, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications · saved copyHow Tokyo compares with other cities in Japan
Taxable income per resident-tax payer (fiscal 2024)
Tokyo ranks 3 of 262, highest first. Municipal resident tax base before deductions, from SSDS items C120110 and C120120
| Rank | City | Taxable income per resident-tax payer |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Urayasu | 7,764 thousand yen |
| 2 | Musashino | 6,163 thousand yen |
| 3 | Tokyo | 5,836 thousand yen |
| 4 | Kamakura | 5,462 thousand yen |
| 5 | Mitaka | 5,235 thousand yen |
| 6 | Nishinomiya | 5,023 thousand yen |
| 7 | Minoh | 4,965 thousand yen |
Unemployment rate (2020 census)
Tokyo ranks 191 of 262, highest first. Unemployed people as a share of the labour force, taken during the Covid-19 pandemic
| Rank | City | Unemployment rate |
|---|---|---|
| 188 | Handa | 3.5% |
| 189 | Minoh | 3.5% |
| 190 | Kisarazu | 3.5% |
| 191 | Tokyo | 3.5% |
| 192 | Ube | 3.5% |
| 193 | Tottori | 3.5% |
| 194 | Hiroshima | 3.5% |
Daytime population per 100 residents (2020 census)
Tokyo ranks 2 of 262, highest first. Above 100 means more people are in the city by day than live there.
| Rank | City | Daytime population per 100 residents |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Osaka | 128.4 |
| 2 | Tokyo | 126.8 |
| 3 | Narita | 121.9 |
| 4 | Kariya | 121.1 |
| 5 | Komaki | 118.4 |
| 6 | Atsugi | 115.8 |
| 7 | Tachikawa | 113.2 |
More on Tokyo: overview · health · education and schools · poverty and living standards · all cities in Japan
Sources
- Statistics Bureau of Japan, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications: Statistical Observations of Municipalities 2026 (social and demographic statistics, city, ward, town and village data), read 28 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 2cb3d8c51aa1…)
- Statistics Bureau of Japan, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications: Statistical Observations of Prefectures 2026 (national figures, "All Japan" row), read 28 October 2026 · saved copy (SHA-256 b69774a5f40c…)
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