Eswatini: official statistics and sources
6 official bodies for Eswatini (Swaziland), from Central Bank of Eswatini to Eswatini Public Procurement Regulatory Agency, with key figures from the World Bank and IMF. Official languages: English, Swazi. Capital: Mbabane.
Who holds power in Eswatini
- Head of state: King Mswati III (Head of State of the Kingdom of Eswatini)
- Head of government: Russell Mmiso Dlamini (Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Eswatini)
- Foreign minister: Pholile Shakantu (Minister for Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of the Kingdom of Eswatini)
Source: UN Protocol and Liaison Service list, dated 15 October 2026. All world leaders.
Unitary monarchy with an executive king; 'tinkhundla-based' system of government. How local power works in Eswatini: 4 tiers of government below the nation, who is elected and who they answer to.
Part of level 6 of the 10 levels of power.
Government, regions and cities
- Government and power in Eswatini: leaders, governance scores, women in parliament, spending and the bodies that hold power to account
- Mbabane (capital)
Key figures
What the figures show
Eswatini had 1.3 million people in 2025, by the World Bank's count; ten years earlier the figure was 1.1 million. Of the 48 UN members in the World Bank's Sub-Saharan Africa region, 42 have more people; worldwide it comes 154th.
In 2025 Eswatini recorded gross domestic product of $5.2 billion, converted to US dollars by the World Bank. That works out at $4,108 a head; the regional median is $1,351.
Real GDP grew by 4.2% in 2025, World Bank figures show. For 2026 the IMF expects 3.7%.
Across 2019 the annual rate was 2.6%. The IMF forecasts 2.9% for 2026.
The ILO's modelled unemployment rate for 2025 is 34.2%; the national statistics office may publish a different figure from its own survey.
The IMF records general government gross debt of 44.8% of GDP for 2025, compared with a median of 53.1% across the World Bank's Sub-Saharan Africa region; its 2026 projection is 52.5%.
Life expectancy at birth: 64.3 years (2024).
- Annual inflation since 2015: highest 7.8% (2016), lowest 2.6% (2019).
- Debt ratio 2015: 16.0%; 2025: 44.8%.
- GDP per person in dollars, 2015 to 2025: +20%.
Figures checked 2026-10-13; how they are compiled.
Official sources in Eswatini
Central bank interest rates and money
- Central Bank of Eswatini
Monetary policy statements, the discount rate, exchange rates and economic and financial statistics.
Regulators
- Financial Services Regulatory Authority
Regulations, licensed entity lists and reports on non-bank financial services.
- Eswatini Competition Commission
Merger decisions, competition enforcement and consumer protection notices.
- Eswatini Communications Commission
Telecoms and broadcasting licences, regulations and market data.
- Eswatini Energy Regulatory Authority
Electricity and fuel tariffs, licences and energy sector reports.
Public contracts government tenders and awards
- Eswatini Public Procurement Regulatory Agency
Procurement regulations, tender notices, registered suppliers and procurement reports in Eswatini.
Notes
The Central Statistical Office has no separate site; it publishes reports such as the monthly inflation report on the government portal (gov.sz) under the Ministry of Economic Planning and Development.
gov.sz and parliament.gov.sz did not complete a connection on 13 Oct 2026 (connection reset); search results show gov.sz hosting reports dated 2026.
The judiciary (judiciary.org.sz) and the Elections and Boundaries Commission sites did not respond on 13 Oct 2026; neither is listed.
Freedom of information in Eswatini
No general access-to-information law for Eswatini was found in the official sources checked on 2026-10-13. No national access-to-information law could be found in the official sources checked on 2026-10-13.
What Eswatini does not have
- No online company register could be confirmed; the Ministry of Commerce business site (business.gov.sz) did not complete a connection on 2026-10-13.
- No online deeds or land register could be found.
- No public register of associations, lobbyists or officials' asset declarations could be found online.
- No state-run case-law database could be found; the judiciary site did not respond.
Also: World Bank country data · IMF country page · UN Sustainable Development Goals country profile · IPU Parline parliament profile.
Eswatini by subject
- Economy GDP, growth, trade and investment
- Jobs and pay unemployment, jobs and work
- Cost of living inflation, poverty and inequality
- Public finances debt, deficit, tax and spending
- Health and care life expectancy, doctors and spending
- Housing homes, cities, water and power
- Crime and justice murder rate, courts and crime
- Immigration migrants, refugees and remittances
- Education schools, universities and literacy
- Environment emissions, air, forests and water
Power in Eswatini, from local government up to the G20
The global bodies above national governments, and the levels of power inside Eswatini. How the ten levels work.
Level 3: Local councils
- Local government in Eswatini how councils, regions and municipalities work
Level 6: National government
- Eswatini: national government this page
- Government and power in Eswatini who leads, the parliament and the courts
- World leaders every country's head of state and government
Level 10: G7, G20, Davos and global forums
Common questions
What is the population of Eswatini?
1.3 million (2025, World Bank).
What is the inflation rate in Eswatini?
2.6% (2019, World Bank).
What is Eswatini's GDP?
$5.2 billion (2025, World Bank).
How much government debt does Eswatini have?
44.8% of GDP (2025, International Monetary Fund).
What is the central bank of Eswatini?
Central Bank of Eswatini: https://www.centralbank.org.sz/
Link moved? Tell us.