Ecuador: public finances

How much debt does Ecuador have?

Ecuador's public debt and other obligations of the non-financial public sector and social security were USD 66,388 million on 30 April 2026, equal to 49.1% of GDP, according to the Ministry of Economy and Finance's debt bulletin database for April 2026. External debt was USD 51,198 million and domestic debt USD 15,189 million.

Multilateral lenders hold the largest share of external debt, at USD 29,823 million, and international bonds USD 15,162 million. The ratio is calculated under the debt rule in the Organic Code of Planning and Public Finance, using the central bank's forecast GDP. The ministry publishes monthly bulletins on its public debt page; the April figures are provisional.

Official sources: debt bulletin database for April 2026 · public debt page

How much tax does Ecuador collect?

Ecuador's Internal Revenue Service collected USD 16,685 million in taxes from January to August 2026, 16.6% more than the USD 14,314 million collected in the same period of 2025, according to its monthly revenue summary.

Value added tax brought in USD 8,360 million and income tax USD 5,684 million, up from USD 7,198 million and USD 4,733 million a year earlier. The tax on currency leaving the country (ISD) raised USD 960 million and excise duties (ICE) USD 526 million. Commerce, mining and financial services were among the sectors with the largest increases. The figures are provisional; monthly and historical data are on the SRI's revenue statistics page.

Official sources: monthly revenue summary · revenue statistics page

Does Ecuador have a budget deficit?

Ecuador's General State Budget recorded a surplus of USD 960 million (0.7% of GDP) from January to April 2026, compared with a deficit of USD 792 million in the same months of 2025, according to the Ministry of Economy and Finance's budget bulletin. Revenue was USD 10,074 million and spending USD 9,114 million.

The ministry attributes the change mainly to higher non-oil revenue, up USD 1,556 million, and oil revenue, up USD 515 million. Results through the year are uneven: from January to November 2025 the budget had a deficit of USD 4,329 million, or 3.2% of GDP, according to the ministry's earlier bulletin. The figures are provisional and cover the central budget, not the whole public sector.

Official sources: budget bulletin · earlier bulletin

What is Ecuador's debt to GDP ratio?

54.5% of GDP: that is general government gross debt in Ecuador for 2025, according to the IMF. Its high point since 2005 was 2020, at 63.6% of GDP; its low point was 2010, at 18.4% of GDP. Across Latin America & Caribbean the middle value was 65.6% of GDP, and Ecuador placed 23rd highest of 31. Of 185 countries with 2025 data, 89th highest.

Does Ecuador's government borrow more than it raises?

The IMF puts general government net lending or borrowing in Ecuador at -2.8% of GDP in 2025 (a deficit). Its high point since 2005 was 2006, at 2.9% of GDP; its low point was 2016, at -10.3% of GDP. Across Latin America & Caribbean the middle value was -2.8% of GDP, and Ecuador placed 15th highest of 32. World rank, highest first: 96th of 188.

How much revenue does Ecuador's government raise?

The IMF puts general government revenue in Ecuador at 35.6% of GDP in 2025. Since 2005 it has ranged from 22.7% of GDP (2005) to 40.3% of GDP (2012). Across Latin America & Caribbean the middle value was 24.9% of GDP, and Ecuador placed 3rd highest of 32. Worldwide: 58th of 187.

What is Ecuador's government spending?

In 2025, general government spending in Ecuador was 38.4% of GDP, according to the IMF. The peak was 46.7% of GDP in 2013 and the low 21.7% of GDP in 2006. It is 5th highest of 32 in Latin America & Caribbean, where the median is 26.7% of GDP. World rank, highest first: 58th of 186.

What is Ecuador's tax to GDP ratio?

In 2022, central government tax revenue in Ecuador was 13.1% of GDP, according to the IMF. The peak was 16.4% of GDP in 2015 and the low 12.7% of GDP in 2021. Latin America & Caribbean median: 14.0% of GDP; Ecuador is 11th highest of 15. Of 117 countries with 2022 data, 86th highest.

How much does Ecuador spend on its military?

2.1% of GDP: that is military spending in Ecuador for 2025, according to SIPRI. Since 2005 it has ranged from 2.1% of GDP (2006) to 3.2% of GDP (2009). Latin America & Caribbean median: 1.0% of GDP; Ecuador is 3rd highest of 22. World rank, highest first: 52nd of 149.