Brazil: economy

How big is Brazil's economy?

Brazil's GDP at current prices added up to about R$12.74 trillion across the four quarters of 2025, according to IBGE's quarterly national accounts (SIDRA table 1846): R$3.02 trillion in the first quarter, R$3.20 trillion in the second, R$3.24 trillion in the third and R$3.28 trillion in the fourth. The latest quarter shown, April to June 2026, was R$3.43 trillion.

These are nominal values in reais, so they rise with prices as well as output; growth rates are published separately in volume terms. Quarterly figures are revised when IBGE publishes the annual national accounts, which run about two years behind.

Official sources: IBGE SIDRA: quarterly GDP at current prices (table 1846)

What is Brazil's GDP per person?

Brazil's GDP per capita was R$51,693.92 in 2023, according to IBGE's annual national accounts (SIDRA table 6784). The same table gives total GDP of R$10.94 trillion for 2023.

The annual accounts are the final, fully reconciled estimates, which is why the latest year shown is 2023. GDP per capita divides total output by the resident population, so it is an average and says nothing about how income is spread; IBGE's household survey shows average household income per person and the Gini index of inequality. For international comparisons in US dollars, the World Bank and the IMF convert these figures using exchange rates or purchasing power parities.

Official sources: IBGE SIDRA: GDP and GDP per capita (table 6784)

What is Brazil's trade balance?

Brazil's goods trade balance was a surplus of US$6.62 billion in August 2026, according to the Central Bank of Brazil's balance of payments series (SGS 22707). The surplus was US$5.65 billion in July and US$8.07 billion in June 2026.

This series measures goods on a balance of payments basis (BPM6), in millions of US dollars, so it can differ from the customs-based figures published by the Ministry of Development, Industry, Trade and Services. The central bank says the figure is released up to four weeks after the end of the month.

Official sources: Central Bank of Brazil: trade balance, monthly (SGS 22707)

Does Brazil have a current account deficit?

Yes. Brazil's current account deficit was US$5.05 billion in August 2026, according to the Central Bank of Brazil (SGS 22701). Over the 12 months to August 2026 the deficit equalled 2.47% of GDP (SGS 23079).

The current account adds trade in goods and services, income paid and received abroad, and transfers. Brazil runs a surplus on goods, but larger deficits on services and on investment income usually leave the overall account negative. Net direct investment into the country was US$7.40 billion in August 2026 (SGS 22885), which the central bank publishes as part of the financial account.

Official sources: Central Bank of Brazil: current account, monthly (SGS 22701) · Current account, 12 months, % of GDP (SGS 23079) · Direct investment in the country (SGS 22885)

Is Brazil's industrial production growing?

Brazil's industrial production fell 0.6% in August 2026 from July, seasonally adjusted, according to IBGE's monthly industrial survey (SIDRA table 8888). Output was 1.2% lower than in August 2025, but 0.8% higher in January to August 2026 than a year earlier, and 0.6% higher over 12 months.

The survey measures physical output, not sales value, for mining and manufacturing. The index is based at 2022 = 100. Month-on-month changes are seasonally adjusted, while the year-on-year and cumulative changes compare unadjusted data, which is why the different measures can move in opposite directions.

Official sources: IBGE SIDRA: industrial physical production (table 8888)

Is Brazil's economy growing?

2.3%: that is real GDP growth in Brazil for 2025, according to the World Bank. Since 2005 it has ranged from -3.5% (2015) to 7.5% (2010). It is 21st highest of 31 in Latin America & Caribbean, where the median is 2.7%. Worldwide: 121st of 180.

What is GDP per capita in Brazil?

According to the World Bank, GDP per person in Brazil was $10,713 in 2025. Since 2005 it has ranged from $4,828 (2005) to $13,397 (2011). Across Latin America & Caribbean the middle value was $10,989, and Brazil placed 17th highest of 31. Worldwide: 76th of 180.

What is Brazil's GDP per person adjusted for prices?

According to the World Bank, GDP per person at purchasing power parity in Brazil was $23,433 in international dollars in 2025. It is the top of the series, which starts in 2005. Across Latin America & Caribbean the middle value was $22,756 in international dollars, and Brazil placed 14th highest of 30. Worldwide: 78th of 179.

How big are Brazil's exports?

According to the World Bank, exports of goods and services in Brazil was 17.8% of GDP in 2025. The peak was 19.6% of GDP in 2022 and the low 10.9% of GDP in 2009. It is 12th highest of 17 in Latin America & Caribbean, where the median is 30.0% of GDP. Worldwide: 112th of 133.

What is Brazil's current account balance?

According to the IMF, the current account balance in Brazil was -2.9% of GDP in 2025 (a deficit). Since 2005 it has ranged from -4.5% of GDP (2014) to 1.3% of GDP (2005). It is 19th highest of 27 in Latin America & Caribbean, where the median is -1.2% of GDP. World rank, highest first: 84th of 132.

How much foreign investment does Brazil receive?

The IMF puts net inflows of foreign direct investment in Brazil at 3.4% of GDP in 2025. Since 2005 it has ranged from 1.7% of GDP (2005) to 4.1% of GDP (2016). It is 12th highest of 31 in Latin America & Caribbean, where the median is 2.5% of GDP. World rank, highest first: 56th of 179.

What are bank lending rates in Brazil?

The latest figure from the IMF, for 2025, is 45.3%. Its high point since 2005 was 2005, at 55.4%; its low point was 2013, at 27.4%. It is 2nd highest of 23 in Latin America & Caribbean, where the median is 8.8%. Of 73 countries with 2025 data, 4th highest.